Introduction to Biology: Properties of Life
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Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of life recognized by biology?

  • Cell (correct)
  • Gene
  • Molecule
  • Organism

Which property of life involves maintaining a stable internal environment?

  • Reproduction
  • Homeostasis (correct)
  • Adaptation
  • Growth

Which level of biological organization includes all ecosystems on Earth?

  • Biosphere (correct)
  • Population
  • Community
  • Ecosystem

Which of the following cell types lacks a nucleus?

<p>Prokaryotic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure controls what enters and exits the cell?

<p>Plasma Membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle synthesizes proteins?

<p>Ribosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule is the genetic material in cells?

<p>DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine (A) in DNA?

<p>Thymine (T) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of making RNA from a DNA template called?

<p>Transcription (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes?

<p>Meiosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of evolution?

<p>Natural selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Similarities in the anatomy of different organisms are evidence of what?

<p>Common ancestry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the non-living components of an ecosystem called?

<p>Abiotic factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are organisms that convert sunlight into energy called?

<p>Primary producers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Conversion of natural habitats for agriculture is an example of what?

<p>Habitat destruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Biology?

The scientific study of life, including its structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution.

Homeostasis

Living things maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

What is a cell?

The basic structural and functional unit of life.

Prokaryotic Cells

Cells that lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles (Bacteria and Archaea).

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Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (protists, fungi, plants, and animals).

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What is the Nucleus?

Contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell's activities.

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What are Ribosomes?

Synthesizes proteins.

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What is the Golgi Apparatus?

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.

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What is Genetics?

The study of heredity and variation in living organisms.

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Central Dogma

Transcription: DNA to RNA. Translation: RNA to protein

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What is Mitosis?

Cell division resulting in two identical daughter cells (growth and repair).

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What is Evolution?

Change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over time.

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Natural Selection

Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

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What is Ecology?

Study of interactions between organisms and their environment

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What are Biotic Factors?

Living components of an ecosystem (plants, animals, microorganisms).

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Study Notes

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Description

Explore biology, the study of life, covering structure, function, and evolution. Learn about the properties of life, including order, sensitivity, reproduction, and adaptation. Understand growth, development, and homeostasis in living organisms.

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