Introduction to Biology
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Questions and Answers

What is the scientific study of life called?

Biology

According to biology, what is the basic unit of life?

The cell

What is the name of the subdiscipline of biology that studies plants?

Botany

What does the field of ecology primarily study?

<p>Interactions of living organisms with each other and their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of heredity?

<p>Genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

<p>Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organelle is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule are genes made of?

<p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule carries the genetic code?

<p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of evolution?

<p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the interaction of living organisms with each other and their environment called?

<p>Ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that plants use to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight?

<p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do animals obtain their energy and nutrients?

<p>By consuming other organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one type of microorganism.

<p>Bacteria (or archaea, fungi, protists, viruses)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions called?

<p>Enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for designing and conducting controlled tests to test a hypothesis?

<p>Experimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the microscopic organisms which are typically single-celled?

<p>Microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a community of living organisms and their physical environment called?

<p>Ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Biology

The scientific study of life, including its structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution.

Cell

The basic unit of life; all living organisms are made of one or more.

Biochemistry

The fundamental chemistry of living things, focusing on biological molecules.

Botany

The study of plants, including their structure, physiology, genetics, and ecology.

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Ecology

The study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

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Evolution

Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

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Genetics

The study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

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Gene

Units of heredity, made of DNA, passed from parents to offspring.

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What is DNA?

Hereditary material that dictates an organism's traits.

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What is Evolution?

Change in heritable traits of biological populations over generations.

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What is Natural Selection?

Primary mechanism of evolution where favorable traits survive and reproduce.

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What is Ecology?

Interactions of living organisms with each other and their environment.

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What are Ecosystems?

Communities of living organisms and their physical surroundings.

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What is Photosynthesis?

Using sunlight to convert CO2 and H2O into glucose and O2.

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What is Heterotrophic Nutrition?

Organisms getting nutrients by consuming other organisms.

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What are Microorganisms?

Microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

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What are Enzymes?

Proteins catalyzing (speeding up) biochemical reactions.

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What is Experimentation?

Using controlled tests to prove or disprove these educated guesses.

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Description

Biology is the scientific study of life, exploring structure, function, and more. It recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life. Subdisciplines include biochemistry, botany, cell biology and ecology.

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