Introduction to Biology

Botany = Study of animals Zoology = Study of plants Microbiology = Study of microorganisms Ecology = Study of interactions between organisms and their environment

Photosynthesis = Process of cell division Respiration = Process of releasing energy from glucose Mitosis = Process of producing energy from sunlight Meiosis = Process of cell division that results in four daughter cells

DNA = RNA molecule that carries genetic information RNA = Molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes Genes = Segments of DNA that code for a specific trait Chromosomes = Thread-like structures that carry genes in the nucleus

<p>Evolution = Change in species over time through natural selection Species = Group of interbreeding organisms Classification = System of categorizing organisms based on shared characteristics Phylogeny = Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producers = Organisms that make their own food Consumers = Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms Decomposers = Organisms that break down dead organic matter Ecosystem = Community of organisms and their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predator-prey = Relationship between organisms that compete for resources Competition = Relationship between organisms where one hunts the other Symbiosis = Relationship between organisms that benefit each other Mutualism = Relationship between organisms that benefit from each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell membrane = Outer layer of the cell that controls what enters and leaves Cytoplasm = Jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane Nucleus = Control center of the cell where DNA is stored Mitochondria = Organelles that generate energy for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Species diversity = Variety of species in an ecosystem Ecosystem diversity = Variety of ecosystems in an environment Genetic diversity = Variety of genes within a species Biodiversity = Variety of species, ecosystems, and genes in an environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preservation = Protecting ecosystems from human impact Conservation = Preservation and protection of ecosystems and biodiversity Sustainability = Using resources in a way that maintains ecosystem health Ecosystem services = Benefits that humans receive from functioning ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecular biology = Study of biological molecules and their interactions Biochemistry = Study of chemical processes in living organisms Genetics = Study of heredity and variation Evolutionary biology = Study of the processes that have shaped the diversity of life</p> Signup and view all the answers