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Questions and Answers
What is the smallest unit of the taxonomic level of organization?
What is the smallest unit of the taxonomic level of organization?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered a basic element of life?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered a basic element of life?
What type of molecules are formed by binding micro-molecules together?
What type of molecules are formed by binding micro-molecules together?
In what level of organization do different types of tissues work together?
In what level of organization do different types of tissues work together?
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What is the term for a group of different species living in a specific habitat?
What is the term for a group of different species living in a specific habitat?
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Which of the following is primarily composed of organic and specific inorganic substances?
Which of the following is primarily composed of organic and specific inorganic substances?
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Which level of organization encompasses all living organisms on Earth?
Which level of organization encompasses all living organisms on Earth?
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Which of the following correctly defines an ecosystem?
Which of the following correctly defines an ecosystem?
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What is the primary focus of the fisheries profession?
What is the primary focus of the fisheries profession?
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Which of the following best describes biotechnology?
Which of the following best describes biotechnology?
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What does the verse 'We made every living thing from water' signify in biological terms?
What does the verse 'We made every living thing from water' signify in biological terms?
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Which of the following statements about plant growth is correct based on the provided content?
Which of the following statements about plant growth is correct based on the provided content?
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What significant contribution did Jabir Bin Hayan make to biology?
What significant contribution did Jabir Bin Hayan make to biology?
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Which area did Abdul Malik Asmai NOT focus on in his studies?
Which area did Abdul Malik Asmai NOT focus on in his studies?
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What was a key contribution of Bu Ali Sina in the field of medicine?
What was a key contribution of Bu Ali Sina in the field of medicine?
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How did Muslim scientists approach the development of biological science?
How did Muslim scientists approach the development of biological science?
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What is the main function of the cell membrane in amoeba?
What is the main function of the cell membrane in amoeba?
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Which best describes the movement of amoeba?
Which best describes the movement of amoeba?
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What does Volvox primarily utilize for movement?
What does Volvox primarily utilize for movement?
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Why are Volvox considered important in aquatic ecosystems?
Why are Volvox considered important in aquatic ecosystems?
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What is the typical size of an amoeba?
What is the typical size of an amoeba?
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What is the outer part of the cytoplasm in amoeba known as?
What is the outer part of the cytoplasm in amoeba known as?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a function of living organisms?
Which of the following is NOT considered a function of living organisms?
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What does Zoology primarily focus on?
What does Zoology primarily focus on?
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Which branch of biology involves the study of tissue structure?
Which branch of biology involves the study of tissue structure?
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Which branch of biology focuses on the principles of grouping and naming living organisms?
Which branch of biology focuses on the principles of grouping and naming living organisms?
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The study of heredity and transfer of characteristics is known as?
The study of heredity and transfer of characteristics is known as?
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Which of the following best describes Environmental Biology?
Which of the following best describes Environmental Biology?
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Which branch of biology examines the physical functions of living organisms?
Which branch of biology examines the physical functions of living organisms?
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What does the term 'Biotechnology' refer to?
What does the term 'Biotechnology' refer to?
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Which of the following is the study of social behaviors in living organisms?
Which of the following is the study of social behaviors in living organisms?
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Paleontology primarily studies?
Paleontology primarily studies?
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What is the primary focus of pharmacology?
What is the primary focus of pharmacology?
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Which field combines techniques from physics to explain life processes?
Which field combines techniques from physics to explain life processes?
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What does biogeography study?
What does biogeography study?
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What is the role of biomathematics in biology?
What is the role of biomathematics in biology?
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Which of the following best describes animal husbandry?
Which of the following best describes animal husbandry?
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Which area of biology focuses on the economic impact of organisms?
Which area of biology focuses on the economic impact of organisms?
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What is the focus of biochemistry?
What is the focus of biochemistry?
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Which field is primarily concerned with the production and development of crops?
Which field is primarily concerned with the production and development of crops?
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What is a characteristic of unicellular organisms?
What is a characteristic of unicellular organisms?
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Which organism is an example of colonial organization?
Which organism is an example of colonial organization?
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What distinguishes multicellular organisms from unicellular organisms?
What distinguishes multicellular organisms from unicellular organisms?
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Which part of the mustard plant is primarily used for vegetable consumption?
Which part of the mustard plant is primarily used for vegetable consumption?
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What is the main function of the frog's respiratory system?
What is the main function of the frog's respiratory system?
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In which environments do frogs typically live?
In which environments do frogs typically live?
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What tissue types compose the organs of a frog?
What tissue types compose the organs of a frog?
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What is the length range of the mustard plant?
What is the length range of the mustard plant?
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Which organ in a frog's body is involved in the digestive system?
Which organ in a frog's body is involved in the digestive system?
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What type of cells form the structural basis for all organs in frogs?
What type of cells form the structural basis for all organs in frogs?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Biology
- Biology is the study of living organisms, encompassing their structure, function, growth, and interrelationships.
- The term "biology" is derived from the Greek words “Bios” (life) and “Logos” (study).
- Life is identified through functions such as digestion, respiration, movement, growth, and reproduction.
Divisions and Branches of Biology
- Major divisions include:
- Zoology: Study of animals (from "Zoon" meaning animal).
- Botany: Study of plants (from "Botane" meaning plant).
- Microbiology: Study of microscopic organisms like bacteria.
- Specialized branches developed in modern biology:
- Morphology: Study of external structure.
- Anatomy: Study of internal structure.
- Cell Biology: Study of cells and organelles.
- Histology: Study of tissue structure.
- Physiology: Study of functions of living organisms.
- Taxonomy: Study of classification and naming of organisms.
- Genetics: Study of heredity and genetic variation.
- Developmental Biology: Study of embryo formation.
- Environmental Biology: Study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
- Paleontology: Study of ancient life using fossils.
- Biotechnology: Use of biological systems for technological applications.
- Socio-biology: Study of social behavior and interactions among organisms.
- Parasitology: Study of parasites.
- Pharmacology: Study of drug actions.
- Molecular Biology: Study of biological molecules that constitute cells.
Interconnection of Biology with Other Sciences
- Biophysics: Uses physics principles to explain biological processes.
- Biochemistry: Examines molecular components of living organisms, bridging biology and chemistry.
- Biogeography: Analyzes organism distribution influenced by geographic factors.
- Bio-Economics: Focuses on economic importance of organisms in production.
Career Opportunities in Biology
- Fields include:
- Medicine and Surgery: Diagnosis (medicine) and organ repair (surgery).
- Agriculture and Horticulture: Crop production and plant variety development.
- Forestry: Preservation and development of forests.
- Fisheries: Enhancing fish production, a source of protein.
- Biotechnology: Gene manipulation for beneficial product development.
Contributions to Biology from Islamic Scholars
- Notable Muslim scientists include:
- Jabir Bin Hayan: Contributed to chemistry and wrote on plant and animal studies.
- Abdul Malik Asmai: Authored numerous zoological texts.
- Bu Ali Sina (Avicenna): Pioneer in medicine with foundational texts on diseases.
Levels of Biological Organization
- Life organization levels:
- Atomic Level: Elements and atoms, with six essential elements (C, H, O, N, S, P).
- Molecular Level: Biomolecules categorized into micro-molecules (like glucose) and macro-molecules (like proteins).
- Cellular Level: Cells as basic units of life, forming tissues, organs, and organ systems.
- Species Level: Smallest taxonomic unit, involving organisms that can interbreed.
- Population Level: Groups of the same species in a habitat.
- Community Level: Interactions among various species in a habitat.
- Ecosystem Level: Interactions between communities and their environment.
- Biosphere Level: The global ecological system where life exists.
Cellular Organization
- Unicellular Organisms: Single-celled organisms (e.g., bacteria, amoeba) perform all life functions independently.
- Colonial Organization: Groups of unicellular organisms (e.g., Volvox) living together without specialization.
- Multicellular Organisms: Composed of many cells (e.g., frogs, mustard plants), with cellular specialization.
Examples of Multicellular Organisms
- Mustard Plant (Brassica campestris): Cultivated for leaves and oil; parts include vegetative (roots, stem, leaves) and reproductive (yellow flowers).
- Frog (Rana tigrina): Multicellular, lives in aquatic and terrestrial environments, with organ systems for various functions.
Dissection of Frog Activity
- Identification of organs and organ systems through meticulous dissection involving cutting and pinning down limbs, exposing visceral organs, and recognizing different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, etc.).
Notable Unicellular Organisms
- Amoeba: Irregularly shaped unicellular organism capable of movement via pseudopodia.
- Volvox: Colonial green algae forming spherical colonies, capable of photosynthesis and living in freshwater habitats. Each cell has flagella for movement, contributing to aquatic ecosystems without being harmful to humans.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of biology, the natural science dedicated to the study of living organisms. This quiz will help you understand the key aspects of life and the characteristics that define living beings. Delve into the concepts and functions that underlie biological studies.
