Introduction to Arts

Basic of Arts

• Art is an expression of man's ideas, imagination, and emotions
• Aristotle believed art completes what nature cannot finish
• Michael Angelo described art as "Likhang sining"
• Michael Angelo thought the work of art is a shadow of divine perfection
• Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe saw art as a mediator that speaks volumes
• Paul Gaugin defined art as a search for individualism and uniqueness
• Bertolt Brecht described art as a hammer that shapes reality, not just a mirror

Characteristics of Art

• It is man-made
• It is unique
• It has aesthetics

Types of Art

• Traditional art includes painting, sculpture, and architecture
• Modern art includes literature, music, dance, theatre, and film

Elements of Art: Space

• Space refers to distances or areas around, between, and within
• Artists manipulate space, an act called "likhang sining"
• Pictures freeze moments in time
• Positive space is the subject of the artwork
• Negative space refers to the empty spaces in the artwork

Elements of Art: Line

• Line indicates direction, orientation, movement, and energy
• It is the oldest universal element, starting with a dot
• Vertical lines represent power, strength, stability, simplicity, and efficiency
• Horizontal lines suggest calmness and peace
• Jagged lines can convey violence, confusion, and conflict
• Curved lines show change of direction, fluidity, and a subtle form

Elements of Art: Shape

• Shape is enclosed space
• It is a two-dimensional form with length and width
• Organic shapes are natural or living forms that are often irregular
• Geometric shapes are based on measured forms

Elements of Art: Form

• Form is three-dimensional, enclosing volume
• It has length, width, and height
• Organic forms are not symmetrical or easily measurable
• Geometric forms are mathematical, precise, and can be named
• Basic forms include sphere, cube, pyramid, cone, and cylinder

Elements of Art: Color

• Color is produced when light strikes an object
• It is a sensation and a human reaction to a hue
• Primary colors cannot be formed from mixtures and are pure
• Secondary colors are a combination of two primary colors
• Intermediate colors are a mix of one primary and one secondary color
• Hue refers to the names we assign to a color
• Saturation refers to the vividness of a color
• Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color

Elements of Art: Value

• Value refers to the lightness or darkness of an artwork
• It is easier to visualize in a work with no colors other than black, white, and grayscale

Elements of Art: Texture

• Texture describes how a three-dimensional work feels when touched
• It also refers to the visual feel of a piece

Principles of Art: Emphasis

• Emphasis involves developing points of interest to draw the viewer's eye to important parts

Principles of Art: Balance

• Balance creates a sense of stability in an artwork
• It can be achieved by repeating the same shape or using equal weight

Principles of Art: Harmony

• Harmony is achieved by using similar elements, giving the artwork an uncomplicated look

Principles of Art: Variety

• Variety involves using different shapes, textures, colors, and values in the artwork

Principles of Art: Movement

• Movement adds excitement to the artwork
• It shows action

Principles of Art: Unity

• Unity is when parts equal a whole