Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

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Questions and Answers

Which capability is NOT typically associated with human intelligence that AI aims to replicate?

  • Reasoning
  • Efficient data storage and retrieval (correct)
  • Decision-making
  • Problem-solving

Why might a widely adopted and useful AI application cease to be labeled as 'AI'?

  • It becomes integrated into general applications and loses its novelty. (correct)
  • It becomes obsolete due to newer technologies.
  • The company that created it goes out of business.
  • Its underlying algorithms are found to be inaccurate.

Which of the following is NOT considered a traditional goal of AI research?

  • Quantum computing (correct)
  • Natural language processing
  • Knowledge representation
  • Robotics support

General intelligence in AI refers to:

<p>The ability to perform any task a human can at an equal or superior level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an 'AI winter'?

<p>A period of decreased funding and interest in AI, often following a period of optimism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event significantly contributed to the resurgence of AI funding and interest after 2012?

<p>The superior performance of deep learning techniques. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architectural advancement further accelerated the AI boom after 2017?

<p>Transformer architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rise of advanced generative AI has primarily led to:

<p>Concerns about unintended consequences, harms, and the need for regulatory policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fields does AI not typically draw upon for its development?

<p>Quantum physics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of AI being used for superhuman play and analysis?

<p>Chess and Go (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The capability of computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence.

High-profile AI applications

Advanced web search engines, recommendation systems and virtual assistants.

Traditional goals of AI research

Reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning and natural language processing.

General Intelligence

The ability to complete any task performed by a human on an at least equal level.

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Techniques used in AI

Search and mathematical optimization, formal logic and artificial neural networks.

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AI Winter

A period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research.

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AI Boom

Vastly increased funding and interest due to deep learning advancements.

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Transformer Architecture

The transformer architecture facilitated the emergence of advanced generative AI and its ability to create and modify content.

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Natural Language Processing

A subfield of AI focused on enabling machines to understand and process human language.

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Study Notes

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) involves computational systems performing tasks typically associated with human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making.
  • AI is a computer science research field focused on developing methods and software. These tools enable machines to perceive their environment. They also facilitate learning and intelligence to maximize goal achievement. AI-equipped machines are sometimes referred to as AIs.
  • Prominent AI applications include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search), recommendation systems (e.g., YouTube, Amazon, Netflix), virtual assistants (e.g., Google Assistant, Siri, Alexa), autonomous vehicles (e.g., Waymo), generative and creative tools (e.g., ChatGPT, AI art), and superhuman strategy game performance (e.g., chess, Go).
  • Many AI applications are not recognized as AI due to their integration into general applications; once an AI becomes common and useful, it is no longer labeled as such.
  • AI research subfields are oriented toward specific goals and tools.
  • Traditional AI research goals include reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning, natural language processing, perception, and robotics support. General intelligence is a long-term goal, referring to completing any human task at an equal or superior level.
  • AI researchers employ techniques like search and mathematical optimization, formal logic, artificial neural networks, and methods from statistics, operations research, and economics. AI integrates knowledge from psychology, linguistics, philosophy, neuroscience, and other fields.
  • AI became an academic discipline in 1956, experiencing cycles of optimism followed by periods of disappointment, or "AI winters," characterized by funding loss.
  • Funding and interest in AI increased significantly after 2012, driven by the success of deep learning over previous AI techniques.
  • Growth accelerated further after 2017 with the advent of the transformer architecture. The early 2020s saw billions invested in AI, with rapid progress marking what is known as the AI boom.
  • The rise of advanced generative AI during the boom exposed unintended consequences and harms, raising concerns about AI risks and long-term effects. This has led to discussions about regulatory policies to ensure AI safety and benefits.

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