Introduction to Anthropology

Study Notes

Anthropology

Derived from Greek words "Anthropos" (human) and "logos" (study).
Considered the foundational discipline of social and behavioral sciences including sociology, economics, and psychology.
Focuses on human diversity and cross-cultural differences in social institutions and cultural beliefs.
Aims to promote understanding between different cultural groups by translating cultural contexts.

Sociology

Originates from the Greek word "socius" (companion) and Latin "logos" (study).
Investigates society, social institutions, and relationships, emphasizing human behavior within social contexts.
Provides practical benefits, aiding understanding of social world dynamics.
Encourages viewing the "strange" in the familiar, challenging common societal explanations.

Key Figures

Franz Boas is regarded as the father of American anthropology, associated with Historical Particularism and Cultural Relativism.
Auguste Comte, the father of sociology, introduced the term "sociology" in 1838, theorizing societal progression through religious, metaphysical, and scientific stages.

Politics

Involves the dynamics of power acquisition and usage to establish authority and influence within social affairs.
Functions as a means to create collaborative governance among community members.
Closely linked to government, which serves as the ultimate authority, overseeing societal laws and freedoms.

Political Science

Encompasses the systematic study of government and politics, making generalizations about political systems and behavior.
Predicts future political behaviors by analyzing political policies, international relations, and public administration.
Collaborates with sociology and anthropology to understand governance and political processes.

Concepts of Justice, Power, and Order

Justice: A balanced society characterized by order.
Power: The capacity to influence others, granting leadership authority.
Order: Achieved through adherence to established rules set by leaders.

Aristotle's Contribution

Considered the father of political science for his foundational contributions and definitions in the field.
Provided a framework for understanding political science as a vital and evolving discipline.

Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of anthropology, including its origins, focus, and significance in understanding human diversity. Learn about the relationships between cultures and social institutions, and how anthropology intersects with other social sciences. Test your knowledge of key terms and ideas in anthropology.