Introduction to Android Development

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the onResume() method in an Android application lifecycle?

  • It signifies that the activity is no longer visible.
  • It indicates that the user has started interacting with the application. (correct)
  • It is triggered when the activity finishes.
  • It starts the activity after it has been paused.

Which method is called before an activity is destroyed?

  • onStop()
  • onRestart()
  • onDestroy() (correct)
  • onPause()

What happens when onPause() is called?

  • The activity is no longer visible to the user and cannot execute code. (correct)
  • The activity resumes and becomes visible.
  • The activity can still receive user input.
  • The activity is destroyed, freeing up resources.

What event triggers the onRestart() method?

<p>When the activity is stopped and then restarted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifecycle method indicates that an activity is no longer visible?

<p>onStop() (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of the Android operating system?

<p>Provides real-time multitasking capabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Android component is responsible for declaring the basic functionalities of an application?

<p>Android Manifest file (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for creating a new activity within an Android application?

<p>Registering the activity in the Android Manifest file (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Android UI design, which layout organizes elements in a grid format?

<p>Table layout (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Broadcast Receiver in an Android application?

<p>To listen for and respond to broadcast messages from other applications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity state represents an application that is completely invisible to the user?

<p>Stopped (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When interacting between fragments and activities, what is typically used to communicate data?

<p>Interface callbacks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is essential for integrating SQLite database operations within an Android application?

<p>Creating tables, and performing data retrieval and deletion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default name for the empty activity provided by the template?

<p>MainActivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option must be checked to ensure the app is backwards-compatible with previous Android versions?

<p>Backwards Compatibility (App Compat) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can you view the layout file in Android Studio?

<p>activity_main.xml tab (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the AndroidManifest.xml file describe?

<p>The components of the app (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which menu option do you select to create an Android virtual device?

<p>Tools &gt; Android &gt; AVD Manager (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be declared in the AndroidManifest.xml file for the app to run?

<p>Each Activity and its components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to view the project in the standard Android project hierarchy?

<p>Select the Android tab from the popup menu (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is not part of creating a new virtual device?

<p>Define the screen layout (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compilation does the Android Runtime (ART) use when loading an application onto the device?

<p>Ahead-of-Time (AOT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which format does the intermediate byte-code of an Android app take when built within Android Studio?

<p>DEX format (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Dalvik Virtual Machine in the Android environment?

<p>Serves as a standard Java Virtual Machine for executing Android apps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the core libraries and the C/C++ libraries in the Android runtime?

<p>Core libraries act as Java wrappers around the C/C++ libraries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Application Framework in Android?

<p>To provide services for running and managing Android applications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Android Libraries?

<p>They are a set of Java-based libraries specific to Android development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which key component allows Android applications to utilize multi-threading and memory management?

<p>Dalvik Virtual Machine (Dalvik VM) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) used for in the Android runtime?

<p>To provide a native format for executing applications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a Fragment in an Android application?

<p>To represent a portion of the user interface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the AndroidManifest.xml file?

<p>It defines permissions, components, and API usage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are resources in an Android application?

<p>Static content such as images and layout definitions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Intents do in Android development?

<p>Send messages to different components of the application (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stored in the 'res/' directory of an Android project?

<p>Various static resources like images and strings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the AndroidManifest.xml file necessary for all Android applications?

<p>It declares components and their permissions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do instrumentation classes play in an Android application?

<p>They provide profiling and testing information. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be found under the additional components category in an Android application?

<p>Fragments and views for user interface elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Introduction to Android

  • Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel.
  • Android uses a Java-based framework for application development.
  • Android Studio is the official integrated development environment (IDE) for Android app development.
  • Android applications are built and compiled into an intermediate byte-code format called DEX.
  • Android runtime uses Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation to translate DEX code into native instructions for the device processor.

Android Development Framework

  • Android Runtime (ART) is responsible for executing Android applications.
  • Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) is a virtual machine designed and optimized for Android.
  • Android applications run in their own process with their own instance of the Dalvik VM.
  • Android provides a set of core libraries that enable app developers to write applications using Java.

Android Application Components

  • Android applications are built from reusable components.
  • The AndroidManifest.xml file defines the application's components, permissions, and other metadata.
  • Activities: The building blocks of an application's user interface, each activity representing a single screen.
  • Services: Components that run in the background, performing long-running tasks.
  • Broadcast Receivers: Components that respond to system-wide broadcasts, such as battery level changes.
  • Content Providers: Components that manage and share data with other applications.

Activity Lifecycle

  • onCreate(): Called when the activity is first created.
  • onStart(): Called when the activity becomes visible.
  • onResume(): Called when the activity is ready to interact with the user.
  • onPause(): Called when the activity is no longer in the foreground.
  • onStop(): Called when the activity is no longer visible.
  • onDestroy(): Called before the activity is destroyed.
  • onRestart(): Called when the activity is restarted after being stopped.

Building User Interfaces

  • Layouts: Define the structure and arrangement of UI elements.
  • Linear Layout: Arranges elements in a single row or column.
  • Relative Layout: Positions children relative to each other or the parent.
  • Grid Layout: Arranges children in a grid layout.
  • Table Layout: Similar to HTML tables, uses rows and columns.

Fragments

  • Fragments: Represent self-contained portions of an activity's UI.
  • Fragment Lifecycle: Fragments have their own lifecycle similar to Activities.

Intents and Broadcasts

  • Intents: Objects that carry information between components.
  • Explicit Intents: Explicitly specify the target component.
  • Implicit Intents: Allow system to find a suitable component.
  • Broadcast Receivers: Components that listen for broadcasts and respond accordingly.

SQLite Database

  • SQLite: A lightweight database engine embedded in Android.
  • Database Operations: Creating tables, inserting, retrieving, updating, and deleting data.

Externalizing Resources

  • Resource Files: Contain static content such as images, strings, and layout definitions.
  • res/ Directory: The root directory for storing application resources.
  • Alternative Resources: Provide different resources for different device configurations.

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