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Anatomy is the science of body ______
structure
Physiology is the science of body ______
functions
Surface Anatomy is the study of form and markings of the body ______
surface
Gross Anatomy is the study of anatomical structure not visible to the unaided ______
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Developmental Anatomy is the study of the fertilized egg developing into adult ______
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The first two months of pregnancy is crucial because of ______
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Histology is the study of ______
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Pathology / Pathological Anatomy is the study of anatomical changes due to ______
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Radiographic Anatomy is the study of body structures that can be visualized with ______
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Neurophysiology is the study of ______ cells
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_____ is the study of nerve cells
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______ is the science of body chemical regulators and how they control body functions
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______ is the study of changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity
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______ is the study of functional changes associated with disease and aging
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The digestive system takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and eliminates unabsorbed matter (feces). The ______ system takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide.
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The ______ system eliminates nitrogenous wastes and excess ions.
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The cardiovascular system, via the blood, distributes oxygen and nutrients to all body cells and delivers wastes and carbon dioxide to disposal organs. The ______ system protects the body as a whole from the external environment.
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Nitrogen wastes such as ammonia, urea, uric acid, and creatinine are products of protein metabolism and are eliminated by the ______ system.
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Dialysis filters toxic substances. The ______ intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
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Lub refers to contraction and dub refers to relaxation in the context of ______ circulation.
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All chemical reactions that occur in body cells constitute ______, which includes catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (build).
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The ability to sense and respond to stimuli, such as withdrawal reflex, shiver, and blink, is known as ______.
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Cellular division for growth or repair is known as ______, while the development of a cell from unspecialized to a specialized state is called differentiation.
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Chemicals for energy and cell building, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins, are considered essential ______.
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy is the science focusing on body structure.
- Physiology studies body functions and processes.
Subfields of Anatomy
- Surface Anatomy examines form and markings of the body.
- Gross Anatomy investigates structures not visible without aid.
- Developmental Anatomy tracks the transformation from fertilized egg to adult.
Importance of Early Development
- The first two months of pregnancy are critical for proper development.
Microscopic and Pathological Studies
- Histology involves the study of microscopic tissue structures.
- Pathology or Pathological Anatomy explores anatomical changes due to diseases.
Visualization and Nervous System Studies
- Radiographic Anatomy utilizes imaging techniques to visualize body structures.
- Neurophysiology focuses on the functions of nerve cells.
- Neuroanatomy specifically studies the structure and function of nerve cells.
Chemical Regulation and Functional Changes
- Biochemistry analyzes chemical regulators that control bodily functions.
- Kinesiology examines functional changes associated with muscular activity.
- Pathophysiology studies functional changes due to disease and aging.
Body Systems Overview
- The digestive system processes nutrients, breaking them down and eliminating waste.
- The respiratory system manages oxygen intake and carbon dioxide elimination.
- The excretory system removes nitrogenous wastes and excess ions.
- The cardiovascular system circulates oxygen and nutrients while disposing of waste.
- The integumentary system protects against environmental hazards.
- The urinary system eliminates nitrogen wastes like ammonia and urea.
Digestive Tract Specifics
- The small intestine comprises the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Cardiac Cycle
- In terms of heart function, "lub" indicates contraction and "dub" signifies relaxation.
Metabolism and Homeostasis
- Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in body cells, including catabolism and anabolism.
- Responsiveness to stimuli, such as reflexes, is essential for survival.
- Cellular division for growth or repair is termed mitosis, while differentiation refers to specialization of cells.
Essential Nutrients
- Nutrients crucial for energy and cell construction include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins.
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Description
Learn the basic definitions of anatomy and physiology and explore the subdivisions, including surface anatomy and gross anatomy. Understand the correlation between body structure and function.
