Introduction to AI & ML: Components, Techniques, and Applications

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What method can be used to set a column as an index column in a pandas DataFrame at a later stage?

df.update_index('Column_name', inplace=True)
df.change_index('Column_name', inplace=True)
df.set_index('Column_name', inplace=True) (correct)
df.reset_index('Column_name', inplace=True)

What does the 'df.head(10)' method do when applied to a DataFrame?

Displays the first 10 records (correct)
Displays the last 10 records
Counts the number of null values
Displays 10 random records

How can one select custom features from a pandas DataFrame?

By using the 'df.custom_features()' method
By passing the list of features in square brackets like df[['feature1', 'feature2']] (correct)
By calling the 'df.pick_features()' function
By using the 'df.select_features()' method

What does the 'df.describe()' method provide information about in a pandas DataFrame?

Summary statistics like count, min, max, and mean for each feature (A) Signup and view all the answers

If we want to assign a column as the index column during the initial loading of a CSV file into a DataFrame, what format should be used?

pd.read_csv('sample_data.csv', index_col='Column_name') (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'df.info()' method provide information about in a pandas DataFrame?

Data types and null values (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the core concept behind deep learning?

Artificial neural networks (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of machine learning, why is it difficult for a computer to predict the amount in the next year based on the bank account data provided?

The machine has no prior knowledge of compound interest (B) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates deep learning from machine learning?

Core emphasis on artificial neural networks (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text suggest using machine learning to predict future bank account amounts instead of a mathematical approach?

Machine learning can adapt to various patterns in data (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'include_bias' parameter in PolynomialFeatures from sklearn.preprocessing do by default?

Adds a unity column with all ones to the transformed data (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason stated in the text in favor of using machine learning over mathematical approaches for predictive modeling?

Data in textbooks is seldom found in real life scenarios (A) Signup and view all the answers

What technique is suggested in the text to predict future values based on the bank account data?

Polynomial or exponential fitting (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'Gradient Boost' methodology in both regression and classification?

To combine many small models sequentially to generate the final model (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first model in a gradient boosting regression?

The mean of the target column (A) Signup and view all the answers

What transformation occurs on the features when a two degree transformation is applied to 13 features?

13 original features, 13 squares of original features, 13C2 combination features (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a boosting algorithm do in machine learning?

Combines multiple models sequentially to improve predictive performance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated after each prediction in a gradient boosting regression?

The difference between the actual and predicted values (pseudo-residual) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the 'name' feature is changed to 'Name' in the given code snippet?

A duplicate column will be inserted with NaN values (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the given code, why is it unnecessary to specify axis=0 when dropping a row?

Because axis=0 is the default for dropping rows (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of df1=df.iloc[[1,2], [1,2]]?

A DataFrame containing rows 1 and 2, and columns 1 and 2 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the range function in place of a list?

To dynamically select rows and columns (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used for combining two dataframes with the same features?

concat (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a student executes df.drop(['Aditi'], inplace=True) on df, what will happen?

'Aditi' row will be dropped from the DataFrame (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between linear regression and logistic regression?

Linear regression is used for continuous outcomes, while logistic regression is used for categorical outcomes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of Bayesian classification models compared to other classification techniques?

Bayesian models provide probabilistic predictions. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do decision trees differ from support vector machines in terms of model structure?

Decision trees are non-parametric models, while support vector machines are parametric models. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In clustering, what is a common drawback of K-Means clustering algorithm?

K-Means is sensitive to outliers in the data. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes boosting algorithms like Adaboost from bagging techniques like Random Forest?

Adaboost creates an ensemble of models sequentially by adjusting weights of misclassified instances, while bagging creates different models in parallel. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for AI to enable computers or machines to 'imitate human beings'?

AI enables machines to replicate human cognitive functions like problem-solving and decision-making. (C) Signup and view all the answers