Intro to World Music Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the Sachs-Hornbostel system of classification based on?

  • The size of the instrument
  • How an instrument produces sound (correct)
  • The materials used in the instrument
  • The genre of music

    • What are aerophones?

    Instruments that produce sounds via vibrating columns of air.

    What are membranophones?

    Instruments that produce sounds via vibrating, stretched membranes.

    What is a chordophone?

    <p>A musical instrument that makes sound by way of vibrating strings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define idiophones.

    <p>Instruments that create sound primarily by the instrument as a whole vibrating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are electrophones?

    <p>Instruments that generate sound by electrical means.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pitch refer to?

    <p>A tone's experienced highness or lowness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of timbre?

    <p>Tone quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pulse in music?

    <p>The beat in a piece of music.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does meter refer to in music?

    <p>The rhythmic structure of music.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form of a piece of music?

    <p>The overall structure or plan of a composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define texture in music.

    <p>The way melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic materials are combined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is monophonic texture?

    <p>Music containing only a single part, sung in unison.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is polyphonic texture?

    <p>A musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is homophonic texture?

    <p>Music in which two or more parts move together in harmony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does melody and accompaniment refer to?

    <p>A kind of homophonic texture where there is one main melody accompanied by chords.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is melody and drone?

    <p>A bass note held throughout a passage of music with one main melody.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is music as flow?

    <p>A state of heightened concentration while engaged in an activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is semiotics?

    <p>A theory of signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign?

    <p>Anything perceived that stands for something else.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term object refer to in semiotics?

    <p>What the sign stands for or the idea indicated by the sign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effect mean in the context of semiotics?

    <p>Meaning of the sign-object relation to the observer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an icon?

    <p>A connection between a sign and what it stands for through resemblance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the index indicate?

    <p>Experiencing the sign and object together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are symbols in semiotics?

    <p>The linguistic definition of the connection between sign and object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is semiotic density?

    <p>The relative number of potential signs coexisting in an art form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is participatory performance?

    <p>A form of music where everyone is actively engaged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sachs-Hornbostel System

    • Classifies musical instruments based on vibrations producing sound.
    • Divides instruments into four main groups: aerophones, chordophones, idiophones, and membranophones.

    Aerophones

    • Produce sound through vibrating air columns, e.g., flutes and trumpets.
    • Sound is generated without strings or membranes; relies solely on air action.

    Membranophones

    • Instruments that create sound via vibrating stretched membranes, like drums.
    • Can be played by striking or rubbing the membranes.

    Chordophones

    • Produce sound through vibrating strings between two points.
    • Examples include violins, guitars, and harps.

    Idiophones

    • Generate sound through the whole instrument vibrating, without strings or membranes.
    • Common examples are gongs and xylophones.

    Electrophones

    • Instruments that use electrical means to generate sound.
    • Includes devices like synthesizers and drum machines.

    Pitch

    • Refers to the perceived highness or lowness of a tone, determined by its frequency.

    Timbre (Tone Colour)

    • Refers to the quality or character of a sound, distinguishing different types of sound production.

    Pulse

    • The underlying beat that provides a framework for the music.

    Meter

    • Describes the rhythmic structure and organization of beats in music.

    Form

    • The overall layout or structure of a musical composition divided into sections.

    Texture

    • Describes how melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic materials combine to shape the sound quality.
    • Types include monophonic, polyphonic, and homophonic textures.

    Monophonic Texture

    • Consists of a single melodic line, can be vocal or instrumental.
    • All notes are performed in unison.

    Polyphonic Texture

    • Features two or more independent melodies played simultaneously.

    Homophonic Texture

    • Involves multiple parts moving together in harmony to create chords.

    Melody and Accompaniment

    • A type of homophonic texture with one main melody supported by chords or other instruments.
    • The accompaniment enhances the melody performed by a soloist.

    Melody and Drone

    • Consists of a sustained bass note that complements the main melody.

    Music as Flow (Csikszentmihalyi)

    • Describes a state of intense concentration where distractions fade, allowing full immersion in the musical experience.

    Semiotics

    • The study of signs and symbols, exploring their meanings and effects.

    Sign

    • Anything perceptible that represents something else, influencing the observer's perception.

    Object

    • Refers to what the sign represents or the idea it conveys.

    Effect

    • The significance of the sign-object relationship to the observer, resulting in emotional or physical responses, or mental imagery.

    Icon

    • A type of sign linked to its meaning through resemblance and personal experiences.

    Index

    • The simultaneous experience of a sign and its object.

    Symbols

    • Defined connections between signs and their corresponding objects, often language-based.

    Semiotic Density

    • Refers to the variety of potential signs present simultaneously in an artwork or communication.

    Participatory Performance

    • Engages all individuals actively without a defined audience; everyone can join in.
    • Typically features open, repetitive forms, and participants may range from amateurs to skilled musicians.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of music classification with these flashcards. This quiz covers the Sachs-Hornbostel system and various types of musical instruments, including aerophones. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of world music.

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