Intro to Life and Evolution

A population of snails exhibits two distinct shell patterns, with very few individuals showing intermediate patterns. Which type of selection is most likely occurring?

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates allopatric speciation?

Two species of orchids live in the same rainforest. One species flowers in the early spring, and the other flowers in late summer. What type of reproductive isolation is this?

A male frog of one species attempts to mate with a female frog of a different species. However, the mating attempt is unsuccessful because the shapes of their reproductive organs are incompatible. Which type of reproductive isolation is this?

Which of the following scenarios would violate the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, potentially leading to evolutionary change?

In a hybrid cross, the resulting offspring are able to develop, but they are infertile. This is an example of what type of postzygotic barrier?

Which of the following is an example of a point mutation?

A population of birds on an island exhibits two distinct beak sizes: small and large. Birds with medium-sized beaks struggle to efficiently crack seeds. Which type of selection is most likely occurring?

In a population of wildflowers, the allele for red flowers (R) is dominant to the allele for white flowers (r). If the frequency of the recessive allele (r) is 0.4, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Rr)?

A bird species typically lays clutches of 4-5 eggs. If a bird consistently lays only 1-2 eggs or more than 7-8 eggs, which type of selection is likely at play to maintain the clutch size around the average?

A small group of lizards is separated from the mainland population by a storm and colonizes a remote island. The allele frequencies in this new island population are noticeably different from the original mainland population. This is an example of?

A researcher is studying a karyotype of a patient. What type of information can they _NOT_determine from the karyotype?

Which of the following best illustrates microevolution in a population of insects?

A farmer uses a pesticide that initially kills most of the insects on their crops. However, over time, the insect population becomes resistant to the pesticide. Which evolutionary mechanism is primarily responsible for this change?

Which of the following is an example of a heterozygous genotype?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between evolution and individual organisms?

A population of snakes has individuals with a range of coloration, from very light to very dark. If the intermediate coloration is selected against, potentially leading to two distinct color groups in the future, which type of selection is at play?

Two groups of birds used to live together but now occupy different habitats due to a large canyon splitting their habitat. What type of speciation best describes how these two groups of birds may diverge into different species?

Two species of insects could potentially interbreed, but they have different mating rituals. One performs a complex dance, while the other relies on specific pheromones. What type of reproductive isolation is primarily keeping these species separate?

In an animal, hybrid offspring are produced, but these offspring are unable to produce functional sperm or eggs. What type of postzygotic barrier is preventing gene flow between the parent species?

The DNA sequence ATC GGC TAA is changed to ATC GGT TAA. What type of mutation has occurred?

A population of fish lives in a stable environment and the fish that survive tend to be those closest to the average size compared to the extremes. What type of selection is occurring in this population?

What outcome is least likely to result as an effect of gene mutation.

Which outcome is least likely to be an effect of sexual selection.

Which of the following is an example of maintaining homeostasis in an ectothermic animal?

In a population of butterflies, the allele for blue wings (B) is dominant over the allele for white wings (b). If the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (bb) is 0.16, what is the frequency of the dominant allele (B)?

A population of birds is undergoing directional selection, favoring larger beak sizes due to a change in the available food source. What is the most likely outcome of this selection pressure?

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of gene flow?

Which of the following is a key difference between microevolution and macroevolution?

Which of the following scenarios is most likely to lead to genetic drift?

A population of plants exhibits a wide range of flowering times, from early spring to late fall. Over several generations, the average flowering time shifts towards mid-summer, resulting in a narrower range of flowering times. Which type of selection is most likely responsible for this change?

Imagine a scenario where a population of birds colonizes a newly formed volcanic island. Initially, the bird population exhibits limited genetic diversity. However, over time, new mutations arise in the population. How would the introduction of new mutations MOST likely affect the population's evolutionary potential?

Homeostasis

Homozygous Dominant

Phenotype

Natural Selection

Genetic Drift

Founder Effect

Directional Selection

Allele Frequency

Stabilizing Selection

Disruptive Selection

Sexual Selection

Macroevolution

Allopatric Speciation

Sympatric Speciation

Reproductive Isolation

Mutation

Reproduction

Homeothermic vs. Ectothermic

Fitness in Evolution

Non-random Mating

Gene Flow

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Temporal Isolation

Behavioral Isolation

Mechanical Isolation

Gametic Isolation

Postzygotic Barriers

Hybrid Sterility

Point Mutation