Questions and Answers
What is the Frankpledge system?
What are shire reeves?
Precursors to sheriffs.
What were thief takers?
Men hired by victims to capture criminal offenders.
What act established London's police force?
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What is the nickname of officers in Britain honoring the Father of Modern Policing?
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What is a Slave Patrol?
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What are vigilantes?
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In 1851, ____ established the first detective division.
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In 1855, ____ established the first formal police department.
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What is the 'third degree'?
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Who is known as the father of modern American policing?
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____ jurisdiction refers to certain areas that must submit proposed voting changes to the U.S. Department of Justice.
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What improvements did the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 aim to accomplish?
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What percentage of time do Wilmington Police Department officers spend enforcing the law?
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What is the patronage system?
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What is recruitment in law enforcement?
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What percentage of local police departments require at least a two-year college degree?
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What is the probationary period for police officers?
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What is field training in police work?
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What is affirmative action in law enforcement hiring policies?
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When a court finds discrimination in a law enforcement agency, it implements a ____, where numerical hiring goals are set.
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Study Notes
Frankpledge System and Its Components
- Frankpledge replaced the borh system, grouping boys and men aged 12+ from 10 households into tythings for mutual policing.
- Tythings served as units within the frankpledge system, promoting community responsibility for law enforcement.
- A hundred, consisting of ten tythings, was overseen by a leader known as a hundredman.
Early Law Enforcement Structures
- Shire reeves were precursors to modern sheriffs, carrying out law enforcement functions in early England.
- Thief takers were hired by victims to capture criminals, functioning as precursors to bounty hunters.
Modern Policing Foundations
- The Metropolitan Police Act of 1829, introduced by Sir Robert Peel, established London’s police force, marking the start of modern public policing.
- Officers in Britain are nicknamed "Peelers" in honor of Sir Robert Peel, the Father of Modern Policing.
Historical Policing Practices
- Slave Patrols, originating in 1704 South Carolina, regulated slave behavior and pursued escaped slaves using small groups of white men.
- Vigilantes were self-appointed justice distributors in 1765, acting outside formal legal systems.
Development of Police Forces
- Boston established the first detective division in 1851.
- Philadelphia established the first formal police department in 1855.
Policing Methods and Practices
- The "third degree" was a brutal interrogation method employed by police to extract information from suspects.
- August Vollmer is recognized as the father of modern American policing for his contributions to police reform.
Jurisdictions and Voting Rights
- Covered jurisdictions refer to areas required to submit voting changes to the U.S. Department of Justice due to historical discrimination against minorities.
Legislative Framework
- The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 aimed to reduce crime and enhance law enforcement effectiveness and fairness across all government levels.
Police Work and Community Interaction
- Wilmington Police Department officers reportedly spend approximately half of their time enforcing laws, with the other half dedicated to community service.
Corruption and Recruitment Practices
- The patronage system involves political parties hiring and promoting police officers in exchange for job-related favors.
- Recruitment in law enforcement involves developing a qualified applicant pool for new positions.
Education and Training Requirements
- Only 10% of local police departments mandate at least a two-year college degree as a minimum educational requirement.
- Newly hired officers undergo a probationary period, allowing for termination without cause during the initial phase of employment.
Training Components
- Field training is when recruits are stationed on the beat under the guidance of experienced officers, moving beyond classroom learning.
- Affirmative action policies aim to promote hiring from groups historically discriminated against, such as women and minorities.
Responses to Discrimination
- Courts may impose a consent decree on law enforcement agencies found to discriminate, requiring them to meet specific hiring goals for women and minorities, with penalties for non-compliance.
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Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 4 of Intro to Criminal Justice with these flashcards. Understand the Frankpledge system, tythings, and the role of the hundredman in historical policing methods. This resource is perfect for reviewing important terms and definitions in criminal justice.