Questions and Answers
When was the first police agency created in the U.S.?
In Boston; 1838
Explain the wedding cake model of the criminal justice process.
Layer I: Celebrated cases; Layer II: Serious felonies; Layer III: Less serious felonies; Layer IV: Misdemeanors.
What are the 6 perspectives of justice?
- Crime control, 2. Rehabilitation, 3. Due process, 4. Nonintervention, 5. Equal justice, 6. Restorative justice.
What are the 3 main components of the justice system?
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What's the difference between corporal punishment and capital punishment?
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Study Notes
Police Agencies in the U.S.
- First police agency established in Boston in 1838.
Wedding Cake Model of Criminal Justice
- Samuel Walker's model represents the informal criminal justice process as a four-layer cake.
- Layer I: Celebrated cases (e.g., Jared Lee Loughner, Casey Anthony trial) garner significant media attention and societal interest.
- Layer II: Serious felonies like rape and robbery, which receive serious attention from law enforcement and the judiciary.
- Layer III: Less severe felonies, often involving first-time or young offenders, as well as cases of domestic violence between known parties.
- Layer IV: Misdemeanors, including offenses such as shoplifting and public drunkenness, typically dealt with less formally.
Perspectives of Justice
- Crime control: Focuses on deterring crime through strict punishment.
- Rehabilitation: Aims to care for and assist individuals unable to self-manage.
- Due process: Emphasizes the preservation of constitutional rights in the justice process.
- Nonintervention: Advocates against labeling individuals as criminals due to the harmful consequences of such labels.
- Equal justice: Supports the notion that equal treatment under the law leads to equality in criminal consequences.
- Restorative justice: Encourages the reintegration of offenders into society, promoting healing for both victims and offenders.
Components of the Justice System
- Law enforcement: Comprises police, sheriffs, and marshals responsible for maintaining public order and enforcing laws.
- Adjudication: Involves the court system, including judges, prosecutors, and defense lawyers who oversee legal proceedings.
- Corrections: Includes the roles of prison officials, probation, and parole officers, managing individuals post-adjudication.
Punishment Definitions
- Corporal punishment: Physical discipline imposed on individuals.
- Capital punishment: The legally sanctioned execution of individuals as a penalty for a crime.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the first three chapters of Introduction to Criminal Justice with these flashcards. From the establishment of the first police agencies to the wedding cake model in criminal justice, this quiz covers essential concepts and historical details. Perfect for exam preparation!
