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Questions and Answers
What is analytical chemistry?
What is analytical chemistry?
Analytical chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the analysis of different substances.
Which of the following is NOT a main branch of chemistry?
Which of the following is NOT a main branch of chemistry?
Analytical chemistry is important for medical diagnoses.
Analytical chemistry is important for medical diagnoses.
True
What type of analysis answers the question, 'How much is in the sample?'
What type of analysis answers the question, 'How much is in the sample?'
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Name two types of classical (wet) analysis methods.
Name two types of classical (wet) analysis methods.
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An example of an instrumental analysis method is __________.
An example of an instrumental analysis method is __________.
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Which of the following is a method of volumetric analysis?
Which of the following is a method of volumetric analysis?
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What is the main goal of gravimetric analysis?
What is the main goal of gravimetric analysis?
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Study Notes
Overall Course Aims
- Students will learn theoretical bases and applications of acid-base, precipitation, complexation, and gravimetric reactions.
Assessment Methods
- Midterm Exam (10% of grade) in week 7
- Activity (5% of grade) in week 11
- Practical Exams (25% of grade) in week 13
- Final Written Exam (50% of grade) in week 15
- Oral Exams (10% of grade) in week 15
What is Chemistry?
- The study of matter and its transformations
- Everything is a chemical, including:
- Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl)
- Table sugar (sucrose, C12H22O11C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}C12H22O11)
- Wool, cotton, polyester
- Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, DNA/RNA
Main Branches of Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- Biochemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
What is Analytical Chemistry?
- The branch of chemistry that deals with the analysis of different substances.
- Involves:
- Separation of substances
- Identification of substances
- Quantification of substances
Types of Questions in Analytical Chemistry
- Qualitative Analysis: What is in the sample? (identifies components)
- Quantitative Analysis: How much is in the sample? (determines amounts)
Why is Analytical Chemistry Important?
- Medical Diagnosis: Measurement of serum cholesterol, urine ketones, disease markers, blood glucose levels
- Forensic Science: Analyzing evidence like DNA fingerprints and poisons in blood samples
- Soil Testing: Checking minerals, nutrients, and pesticide residue concentrations
- Food Industry: Identifying food contaminants and preservative concentrations
- Pharmaceutical Industry: Determining shelf life of medicines, detecting adulterants and impurities in drugs, measuring active constituent concentrations in formulations
Analytical Chemistry as the "Central Science"
- It is used in many scientific fields, including:
- Medicine: Toxicology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry
- Biology: Botany, Agriculture, Ecology
- Physics: Astronomy, Meteorology, Electronics
- Engineering: Metallurgy, Archaeology
Branches of Analytical Chemistry
- Qualitative Analysis
-
Quantitative Analysis
-
Classical "Wet" Analysis
- Gravimetric Analysis
- Volumetric Analysis
-
Instrumental Analysis
- Optical Methods
- Separation Methods
- Electro-analytical Methods
-
Classical "Wet" Analysis
Classical Methods (Wet Analysis)
- Analysis conducted in the liquid phase without advanced instrumentation.
- Effective and widely used despite being considered old-fashioned.
- Includes:
- Volumetric Analysis
- Gravimetric Analysis
Instrumental Analysis
- Analysis using specific apparatus, computers, and software for data processing.
- Relies on physico-chemical, optical, and electrical properties of analytes.
- Examples of methods: spectrophotometric, potentiometric, conductometric
Volumetric Analysis
- Titration: A laboratory technique where a solution of known concentration and volume reacts with another substance of unknown concentration.
- Measuring the volume of a solution containing a sufficient reagent to react completely with the analyte.
- Commonly used to determine the unknown concentration of a known reactant.
Gravimetric Analysis
- Determining the mass of a final product of a reaction after isolation in pure and stable form with a definite chemical structure.
Classification of Volumetric Analysis by Reaction Type
-
Titration
- Acid-Base Titration
- Redox Titration
- Precipitation Titration
- Complexometric Titration
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of analytical chemistry, including the theoretical bases and applications of various chemical reactions such as acid-base, precipitation, and gravimetric reactions. Understand the main branches of chemistry and their significance in the study of matter and its transformations.
