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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a physiological benefit of hypertonic saline?
Which of the following is not a common adverse effect of hypertonic saline?
In which of the following conditions would Hartmann's solution NOT be appropriate?
Which of the following is an advantage of non-parenteral fluid administration?
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Which type of fluid is absorbed into the body and remains within the gastrointestinal tract?
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Which of the following is a potential indication for oral fluid supplementation?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential adverse effect of hypertonic saline?
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In which of the following conditions would hypertonic saline NOT be appropriate?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential use for fluids per rectum according to the text?
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Which of the following is a potential risk of using mineral oil internally?
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Which type of fluids are more effective than parenteral fluids for large colonic impactions?
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What is the potential use of fluids per rectum in conjunction with IV?
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What is NOT a potential risk of using fluids per rectum?
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What is the recommended fluid to give when electrolyte absorption is not well absorbed from the rectum?
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Which type of intravenous fluid is best avoided due to its hypotonic nature?
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Which intravenous fluid is used in most cases as a replacement fluid?
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Which intravenous fluid can be acidified and is also used in a lot of cases?
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Which type of intravenous fluid is higher in K+ and lower in Na+ compared to plasma?
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Which type of intravenous fluid must not be used to bolus?
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Which type of intravenous fluid can lead to hypoproteinaemia and hypocoagulability?
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Which type of intravenous fluid is low in K+ and Mg2+?
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In which situations are lactate-containing fluids more appropriate?
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Which type of intravenous fluid is attractive if there is a limited period of time for resuscitation?
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Which type of intravenous fluid is best avoided due to its hypotonic nature?
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In which of the following conditions would Hartmann's solution NOT be appropriate?
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Which type of intravenous fluid can lead to hypoproteinaemia and hypocoagulability?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential physiological benefit of hypertonic saline?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential adverse effect of hypertonic saline?
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In which of the following conditions would hypertonic saline NOT be appropriate?
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Which type of fluid is recommended for treatment of large colon impactions?
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What is the maximum fluid rate per rectum in a 70kg adult human?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential use for fluids per rectum?
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What is the potential risk of using mineral oil internally?
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Study Notes
Physiological Benefits of Hypertonic Saline
- One of the physiological benefits of hypertonic saline is that it increases blood volume and cardiac output.
Adverse Effects of Hypertonic Saline
- A common adverse effect of hypertonic saline is phlebitis.
- It is not a potential adverse effect of hypertonic saline to cause cardiac arrhythmias.
Indications for Hartmann's Solution
- Hartmann's solution is not appropriate in cases of hypochloraemia.
Advantages of Non-Parenteral Fluid Administration
- One advantage of non-parenteral fluid administration is that it allows for more rapid and effective fluid absorption.
Types of Fluids
- Electrolyte-rich fluids are absorbed into the body and remain within the gastrointestinal tract.
- Fluids per rectum are recommended for treatment of large colon impactions.
Indications for Oral Fluid Supplementation
- One potential indication for oral fluid supplementation is in cases of mild dehydration.
Contraindications for Hypertonic Saline
- Hypertonic saline is not appropriate in cases of cerebral oedema or hypervolaemia.
Adverse Effects of Fluids Per Rectum
- One potential adverse effect of using fluids per rectum is that it can cause electrolyte abnormalities.
- Mineral oil is not recommended for internal use due to the potential risk of lipid pneumonia.
Uses of Fluids Per Rectum
- Fluids per rectum can be used in conjunction with IV fluids for resuscitation.
- Fluids per rectum are not used for treating dehydration.
Characteristics of Intravenous Fluids
- Hypotonic fluids are best avoided due to their potential to cause cellular oedema.
- Normal saline is used in most cases as a replacement fluid.
- Lactated Ringer's solution can be acidified and is used in many cases.
- Hartmann's solution is higher in K+ and lower in Na+ compared to plasma.
- D5W must not be used to bolus due to its potential to cause hyperglycaemia.
- D5W can lead to hypoproteinaemia and hypocoagulability.
- Normal saline is low in K+ and Mg2+.
Situations for Lactate-Containing Fluids
- Lactate-containing fluids are more appropriate in situations where there is a high lactate load.
Attractive Fluid Options
- Hypertonic saline is attractive if there is a limited period of time for resuscitation.
Contraindications for Intravenous Fluids
- D5W is best avoided due to its hypotonic nature.
- Hartmann's solution is not appropriate in cases of hypochloraemia.
- D5W can lead to hypoproteinaemia and hypocoagulability.
Fluid Administration Rates
- The maximum fluid rate per rectum in a 70kg adult human is 100-200ml/min.
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Description
Test your knowledge on different types of intravenous fluids used in medical settings, including crystalloids such as hypotonic and isotonic solutions. Learn about their composition, uses, and potential risks.
