Intraoral X-Ray Equipment and Techniques

Periapical Radiograph = To detect lesions and conditions of individual teeth and surrounding bone Bitewing Radiograph = To detect interdental caries and assess the height of the alveolar bone Occlusal Radiograph = To identify large areas of the upper and lower jaw Localized technique Radiograph = To focus on a specific area of concern in the oral cavity

Radiographic Film = Smooth and shiny surface of the film must face the teeth Sensor = Digital equipment used for radiographic imaging Portable X-Ray machine = X-Ray machine that can be easily moved from one location to another Wall X-Ray machine = Traditional fixed X-Ray machine installed on a wall

The white (smooth) side of the film must face the teeth. = Proper orientation of the film for optimal imaging The anterior films must be placed vertically. = Correct positioning for front teeth imaging The posterior films are always placed horizontally. = Correct positioning for back teeth imaging The identification dot on the film is always placed toward the occlusal surface of the teeth. = Marking for correct alignment during imaging

Paralleling technique = Used for examination of crowns and root of the teeth Bisecting angle technique = Used to examine the crowns and root of the teeth with surrounded structures Bitewing technique = Used to examine proximal surface of the upper and lower teeth Occlusal Technique = Includes Maxillary and Mandibular occlusal techniques

Developer solution = Chemical for developing the X-ray film Fixer solution = Chemical for fixing the X-ray image Water = Used in rinsing the X-ray film Film Dryer = Used to dry the X-ray film after processing

Place the film horizontally on occlusal surface = Ensures proper positioning for capturing occlusal images Face the cut on the ↑ = Indicates the correct orientation of the X-ray film The film should always be in center = Ensures uniform exposure during radiography Remove all objects from the mouth and remove eyeglasses = Prepares the patient for X-ray imaging

Maxillary topographic = Part of maxillary occlusal technique Maxillayry lateral occlusal = Part of maxillary occlusal technique Maxillary Pediatric Occlusal = Part of maxillary occlusal technique Occlusal Film- Maxilla = Film specific to maxillary occlusal imaging

Mandibular tomographic = Part of mandibular occlusal technique Mandibular cross-sectional = Part of mandibular occlusal technique Mandibular Pediatric Occlusal = Part of mandibular occlusal technique Mandibular Occlusal film = Film specific to mandibular occlusal imaging

Used to demonstrate position of Three-dimensional object by radiograph (Two-dimensional image) = Localization Techniques includes foreign bodies, impacted teeth and unerupted teeth Indications foreign bodies, impacted teeth and unerupted teeth = Used to demonstrate position of Three-dimensional object by radiograph (Two-dimensional image)

Periapical Radiograph, Bitewing Radiograph, Occlusal Radiograph, Localized technique Radiograph

Portable X-Ray machine, Wall X-Ray machine, Traditional X-Ray machine

1. The white (smooth) side of the film must face the teeth. 2. The anterior films must be placed vertically. 3. The posterior films are always placed horizontally. 4. The identification dot on the film is always placed toward the occlusal surface of the teeth. 5. Always center the film over the area to be examined.

It is a type of receptor used for intraoral radiography.

To detect lesions, disease, and conditions of the teeth and surrounding structures that cannot be identified clinically.

The smooth, shiny side of the film must face the teeth, and the film must be placed vertically.

Examine the crowns and root of the teeth with surrounded structures. Used in areas where the parallel technique is impossible due to poor access.

Proximal surface of the upper and lower teeth, as well as interdental bone crests.

Maxillary topographic, maxillary lateral occlusal, and maxillary pediatric occlusal.

To produce detailed images of the mandible and surrounding structures.

Developer solution, fixer solution, water, and film dryer.

To demonstrate the position of three-dimensional objects by producing two-dimensional images.

Explaining procedures, placing and securing the lead apron with thyroid collar, and removing all objects from the mouth and eyes.

Examination of crowns and roots of the teeth.

Processing tank and manual developer process.

The film must always be placed horizontally, and the occlusal film must face upwards.