Intraoral Detectors Quiz

Refers to the representation of image content using numerical values, with each pixel's brightness and location determined by a discrete number.

The process of converting a continuous analog signal, such as a voltage, into a series of discrete numerical values.

The process of dividing a continuous range of analog signal values into a finite number of distinct levels.

Refers to the measurement of the continuous signal at specific points in time.

A type of solid-state detector that uses a semiconductor material to directly convert x-rays into electrical signals.

A type of digital image receptor that uses a photostimulable phosphor plate to capture x-ray energy.

A type of imaging system where an electronic detector converts x-rays into electrical signals, allowing for faster image acquisition.

A type of digital image receptor that uses a charge-coupled device (CCD) to capture x-ray energy, converting it into electrical signals.

Solid-state detectors used in digital radiography, often described as sensors. They are intended for repeated use and require careful handling.

The area of the solid-state detector that actually captures X-ray radiation. It is smaller than the sensor's total surface area due to the presence of electronic components.

A significant drawback of intraoral detectors. The bulkiness of the sensor can make placement and positioning within the mouth difficult.

A type of digital X-ray imaging technology that utilizes a phosphor-coated plate to capture and store X-ray energy. Later, a laser scans the plate, converting the latent image into a digital format.

The material coating the PSP plate, which absorbs and stores energy from X-ray exposure. It is made of barium fluoro-halide, a substance sensitive to X-rays.

The process of converting the latent image on the PSP plate into a digital file using a laser scanner.

Another term for PSP technology, emphasizing the temporary storage of image information within the phosphor plate.

The material used in PSP plates. It consists of barium fluoro-halide combined with a polymer, spread on a polyester base for durability.

PSP plates are prone to bending and scratching during handling, leading to permanent defects that affect the image quality.

PSP plates must be erased before each use to clear any residual images from previous exposures.

Processed PSP plates should be scanned promptly to minimize image degradation and noise.

Modern PSP systems incorporate automatic plate erasing during the scanning process.

Contrast resolution refers to the ability to distinguish different densities in a radiographic image.

Spatial resolution measures the ability to distinguish fine details within an image.

Bit depth determines the number of gray levels an image can display. Typical digital detectors use 8, 10, 12, or 16 bits of data.

The human visual system can only perceive about 60 distinct gray levels under optimal conditions. This limitation reduces the number of gray levels distinguishable in a typical dental setting.

The ability of an image receptor to capture a wide range of X-ray exposures.

A pair consisting of a bright line and a dark space, used to measure image resolution.

The distance between two resolvable line pairs.

The theoretical limit of resolution in solid-state detectors is determined by the size of the pixels; smaller pixels provide higher resolution.

Resolution in PSP systems is influenced by the thickness of the phosphor layer; thinner layers result in higher resolution.

The ability to visually distinguish subtle differences in attenuation within tissues.

A building-block pattern or pixelated appearance visible in magnified images.

The process of adjusting an image to improve its visual quality and make it more suitable for interpretation.

The process of rectifying image defects and preparing it for viewing.

A graphical representation of the distribution of pixel values in an image. It helps determine the range of gray levels used.

A technique to enhance the brightness and contrast of an image, making details more visible.

Operations performed to improve the sharpness of an image by enhancing edges and details.

Operations performed to reduce noise and random variations in an image, smoothing out the appearance.

A specific type of image enhancement where a reference image is subtracted from the current image to highlight specific features.

A technique for enhancing image quality by optimizing brightness, contrast, sharpness, and reducing noise.

The brightness of an image determines how light or dark it appears. It is controlled by the overall intensity of the image.

Contrast refers to the difference in brightness between the lightest and darkest parts of an image. High contrast means distinct differences, while low contrast means subtle differences.

High-frequency noise is like small, rapid changes in brightness, causing a grainy appearance. Think of static on a TV screen.

Low-frequency noise is like slow, gradual changes in brightness, causing a blurry appearance. Think of a foggy image.

Image compression reduces the size of a digital image file without losing important information. It's useful for storing and transmitting images electronically.