Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the key to the polarization of membranes?
What is the key to the polarization of membranes?
- Microtubule orientation and triton-insolubility
- Selective endocytosis and retrograde motors
- Differential staining and axonal hillock localization
- Selective retention and vectorial sorting (correct)
What is the role of ankyrin-G in protein sorting?
What is the role of ankyrin-G in protein sorting?
- Ankyrin-G mediates endocytosis from the axon
- Association with ankyrin-G leads to trapping of protein at axonal hillock (correct)
- Ankyrin-G is involved in dendritic targeting
- Ankyrin-G is responsible for retrograde transport
What is sufficient for localization to the axon hillock?
What is sufficient for localization to the axon hillock?
- Addition of the loop from the sodium channel (correct)
- Endocytosis from cytoplasmic loop
- Triton-insolubility
- Association with ankyrin-G
What is required for endocytosis association but not for interaction with ankyrin-G?
What is required for endocytosis association but not for interaction with ankyrin-G?
What is important in the differentiation of neuronal processes?
What is important in the differentiation of neuronal processes?
What is targeted to dendrites?
What is targeted to dendrites?
What would be detrimental for dendritic targeting?
What would be detrimental for dendritic targeting?
What is enriched in axonal hillock?
What is enriched in axonal hillock?
What is sufficient for trapping of protein (triton-insolubility)?
What is sufficient for trapping of protein (triton-insolubility)?
What is required for full sorting to axonal hillock?
What is required for full sorting to axonal hillock?
Which process is key to the polarization of membranes?
Which process is key to the polarization of membranes?
What is the function of tight junctions in epithelial cells?
What is the function of tight junctions in epithelial cells?
What are the distinct environments faced by some cells?
What are the distinct environments faced by some cells?
What is the role of microtubules in neuronal processes?
What is the role of microtubules in neuronal processes?
How are components of apical and basolateral membranes sorted?
How are components of apical and basolateral membranes sorted?
What defines the interface between apical and basolateral sides of epithelial cells?
What defines the interface between apical and basolateral sides of epithelial cells?
What must be distinctly targeted to maintain correct balance in cells?
What must be distinctly targeted to maintain correct balance in cells?
What prevents leakage through the epithelial layer?
What prevents leakage through the epithelial layer?
What guides the sorting of proteins to their appropriate destinations within cells?
What guides the sorting of proteins to their appropriate destinations within cells?
Which subunit plays a crucial role in sorting basolateral proteins with tyrosine-based motifs?
Which subunit plays a crucial role in sorting basolateral proteins with tyrosine-based motifs?
What guides apical sorting in cells?
What guides apical sorting in cells?
What is necessary and sufficient for determining the axon in neuronal polarity?
What is necessary and sufficient for determining the axon in neuronal polarity?
What forms a diffusion barrier between the axon and soma, stabilizing the axon's polarity?
What forms a diffusion barrier between the axon and soma, stabilizing the axon's polarity?
What is involved in axonal determination?
What is involved in axonal determination?
What are neurons highly sensitive to in terms of transport vesicles?
What are neurons highly sensitive to in terms of transport vesicles?
What plays crucial roles in axonal determination?
What plays crucial roles in axonal determination?
What is the role of specific isoforms of kinesin in neuronal polarity?
What is the role of specific isoforms of kinesin in neuronal polarity?
What is involved in the sorting of proteins to distinct cellular compartments?
What is involved in the sorting of proteins to distinct cellular compartments?
Study Notes
Intracellular Protein Sorting and Neuronal Polarity
- Sorting of proteins within cells varies based on the type of protein and the cell it is in
- Different proteins are directed to different cellular compartments, such as apical or basolateral, through distinct transport mechanisms
- Specific signals, like tyrosine-based motifs and di-leucine motifs, guide the sorting of proteins to their appropriate destinations
- AP1B subunit, found only in polarized cells, plays a crucial role in sorting basolateral proteins with tyrosine-based motifs
- Apical sorting occurs through direct transport vesicles, endosomes, and transcytosis, guided by signals like lipid linkage and glycosylation
- Neuronal polarity involves complex cellular organization, with axon and dendrite differentiation modifying apical and basal polarity
- Axonal determination involves rules such as the longest neurite becoming the axon and the involvement of motor proteins like kinesin
- Specific isoforms of kinesin transport vesicles down axons, and PI-3 kinase signaling is necessary and sufficient for determining the axon
- Dynamic microtubules and post-translational modifications of tubulins play crucial roles in axonal determination
- Ankyrin G and actin filaments at the axon hillock form a diffusion barrier between the axon and soma, stabilizing the axon's polarity
- Different types of apical and basolateral transport vesicles are sensitive to distinct V-SNAREs, with tetanus toxin blocking basolateral transport, but not apical transport
- Neurons have a high degree of polarity, with unique compartments such as axon hillock, pre-synaptic terminal, and dendrites, involved in information processing and transmission
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge of intracellular protein sorting and neuronal polarity with this quiz. Explore the mechanisms of protein sorting within cells and the complex organization of neuronal polarity, including axon and dendrite differentiation, transport mechanisms, and signaling pathways crucial for determining axonal polarity.
