Intracellular Accumulations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common cause of fatty liver?

  • Starvation (correct)
  • Regular exercise
  • High blood sugar levels
  • Excessive protein intake

    • What is a common feature of intracellular accumulation of proteins?

  • Intracellular accumulation of proteins is not significant
  • Can result from genetic defects in folding and transport (correct)
  • It only occurs in the liver
  • It always leads to reversible cell injury

    • What causes the characteristic yellow color in atherosclerotic plaques?

  • Presence of bilirubin
  • Accumulation of melanin
  • Smooth muscle cells filled with lipid vacuoles
  • Cholesterol ester accumulation (correct)

    • What is the most common exogenous pigment that can accumulate in the body?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT associated with fatty liver?

    <p>Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the accumulation of carbon in the lungs lead to?

    <p>Anthracosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from an imbalance between fat uptake, utilization, and secretion?

    <p>Fatty liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the yellow color seen in atherosclerotic plaques?

    <p>Cholesterol esters accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which among the following is a characteristic feature of glycogen storage diseases?

    <p>Carbohydrate Accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of fatty change in the liver?

    <p>Protein malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three categories of intracellular accumulations?

    <p>Normal cellular constituents, abnormal substances, pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location within the cell can abnormal substances accumulate?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four pathways of abnormal intracellular accumulations?

    <p>Inadequate metabolic rate to remove substance, alterations in protein folding and transport, deficiency of critical enzymes, inability to degrade phagocytosed particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the accumulation of hemosiderin in tissues?

    <p>Hemosiderosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what organelles do abnormal substances typically accumulate?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario may cells accumulate abnormal amounts of various substances?

    <p>When there is a deficiency of critical enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major storage form of iron in the body?

    <p>Hemosiderin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is characterized as an insoluble brownish-yellow granular intracellular material?

    <p>Lipofuscin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with decreased melanin pigmentation?

    <p>Vitiligo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic staining reaction of hemosiderin with a specific dye?

    <p>Blue color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment represents aggregates of ferritin micelles?

    <p>Hemosiderin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does calcification occur in vital tissues with abnormal calcium metabolism?

    <p>Metastatic calcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes lipofuscin to appear as a marker of past free-radical injury?

    <p>Peroxidation of polyunsaturated lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition leads to hemosiderosis characterized by accumulation within tissue macrophages?

    <p>Hemochromatosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does lipofuscin appear in tissue sections?

    <p>Yellow-brown, finely granular intracytoplasmic appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fatty Liver and Intracellular Accumulations

    • Fatty liver is commonly caused by chronic alcohol consumption, obesity, and diabetes.
    • A common feature of intracellular accumulation of proteins is the formation of inclusion bodies.
    • The characteristic yellow color in atherosclerotic plaques is caused by the accumulation of lipochrome, a lipid-derived pigment.

    Pigments and Accumulations

    • The most common exogenous pigment that can accumulate in the body is carbon, which can lead to anthracosis.
    • The accumulation of carbon in the lungs leads to anthracosis, a condition characterized by black pigmentation.
    • An imbalance between fat uptake, utilization, and secretion can result in fatty liver disease.

    Atherosclerotic Plaques and Hemosiderin

    • Lipochrome is responsible for the yellow color seen in atherosclerotic plaques.
    • The term hemosiderosis describes the accumulation of hemosiderin in tissues.
    • Hemosiderin is a characteristic feature of glycogen storage diseases.

    Cellular Accumulations

    • The three categories of intracellular accumulations are hyaline, lipid, and pigmented.
    • Abnormal substances can accumulate in the lysosomes, a location within the cell.
    • The four pathways of abnormal intracellular accumulations are endogenous, exogenous, myocellular, and macrophage-related.
    • Abnormal substances typically accumulate in lysosomes.

    Iron and Lipofuscin

    • The major storage form of iron in the body is ferritin.
    • Lipofuscin is a characteristic insoluble brownish-yellow granular intracellular material.
    • Lipofuscin appears as a marker of past free-radical injury due to the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products.

    Calcification and Melanin

    • Calcification occurs in vital tissues with abnormal calcium metabolism, leading to conditions such as dystrophic calcification.
    • The condition associated with decreased melanin pigmentation is vitiligo.
    • Hemosiderin has a characteristic staining reaction with Perl's Prussian blue stain, appearing as a blue granular material.

    Hemosiderosis and Lipofuscin

    • Hemosiderosis is characterized by accumulation within tissue macrophages, leading to conditions such as hemosiderotic nodules.
    • Lipofuscin appears as a yellow-brown granular material in tissue sections, often seen in aging cells.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on substances that can accumulate within cells, pathways of abnormal intracellular accumulations, causes of fatty liver, endogenous and exogenous pigments, and terms like hemosiderosis, jaundice, and pathological calcification.

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