Intervertebral Disc Structures Quiz

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What is the most common location for horizontal splits and clefts in intervertebral disc structures?

Anterior half of the disc
Lateral half of the disc
Posterior half of the disc (correct)
Central part of the disc

Which type of tear is caused by a progressive extension of cleft and split from nucleus pulposus to annulus in a posterior direction?

Circumferential tear
Longitudinal tear
Radial tear (correct)
Transverse tear

Why is the healing response to strain and sprain limited in the inner portion of the intervertebral disc?

Due to excessive blood supply in that region
Because of the high density of nerve endings in that area
Because it has a thicker annulus fibrosus layer
Because the inner portion relies on diffusion for nutritional supply (correct)

What is the clinical significance of lumbar disc herniation compared to other types of disc protrusions?

It causes more chronic pain conditions (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which region is more prone to develop three types of rupture or tear in the annulus fibrosus?

Posterior or posterolateral direction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of tears occur between the annulus layers called 'lamellae'?

Circumferential tears (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of physiotherapy and manual therapy in the conservative management of discogenic pain?

To improve joint mobility and reduce pain (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vertebral endplate lesion is characterized by a defect in the center of the endplate?

Fracture (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of fracture and erosion types of endplate lesions?

Nociceptive pain from Basivertebral and Sinuvertebral nerves (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential comorbid condition associated with disc and endplate lesions?

Rheumatoid arthritis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of McKenzie extension exercises in the conservative management of discogenic pain?

To strengthen the core muscles and improve stability (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a conservative management approach for discogenic pain?

Spinal cord electrical stimulation implants (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct implication of understanding the stages and levels of disc degeneration?

It helps determine the appropriate load management-based physiotherapy treatment and interventions to improve spinal segment mobility and stability. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern associated with lumbar disc bulge and herniation?

Potential compression of nerve roots and branches, leading to various symptoms. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential symptom associated with radiculopathy caused by discogenic pain?

Increased muscle tone. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a medical emergency associated with severe disc lesions and comorbid pathologies?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the vertebra-disc complex is considered the weakest and most susceptible to age-related degeneration?

The vertebral endplate. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern associated with vertebral endplate lesions?

Potential irritation of nociceptive nerve endings in the vertebral endplate and body. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a Schmorl's node?

A type of vertebral endplate lesion where the disc tissue protrudes into the vertebral marrow. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a Modic lesion?

A direct lesion of the vertebral endplate and its adjacent trabecular bone of the vertebral body. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are erosion and calcification/sclerotic types of Modic lesions often found?

In the peripheral rim portion of the vertebral endplate. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using imaging investigations in the context of endplate lesions?

To identify the types and patterns of endplate lesions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a disc bulge and a disc herniation?

In a disc bulge, the nucleus pulposus is contained within the annulus, while in a herniation, it is displaced through a tear in the annulus. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered an intrinsic source of back pain?

Annulus fibrosus tear (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed mechanism for the reduction of pain through lumbar extension exercises and mobilization?

It alters the fluid distribution and reduces pressure in the posterior disc region. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between segmental instability and segmental stiffness in relation to disc degeneration?

Segmental instability is associated with early stages of disc degeneration, while segmental stiffness is associated with later stages. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed mechanism for the development of discogenic pain?

Inflammation and chemical disturbances caused by the displaced disc materials. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the differences in disc composition between young and older adults?

The nucleus pulposus is more hydrated or gelatinous in young people compared to older adults. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a proposed mechanism for the reduction of pain in cases of disc bulge or herniation?

Anti-inflammatory medication (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed mechanism for the development of segmental instability and segmental stiffness in cases of disc degeneration?

Segmental instability and stiffness are caused by the altered load-bearing ability of the spinal segment due to reduced disc height and increased intradiscal pressure. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the clinical presentations of discogenic pain?

Discogenic pain is always accompanied by radiating leg pain (radiculopathy). (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed mechanism for the development of edema and increased disc pressure in cases of disc degeneration?

Mechanical disruption of the disc tissue leads to inflammation and edema, which further increases disc pressure. (D) Signup and view all the answers