Interpretation of Laboratory Data: Basic Concepts

Albumin, transferrin, and prealbumin are three major hepatic proteins used to assess somatic protein compartments.

Visceral proteins such as albumin and prealbumin are considered positive acute-phase proteins.

Repeated draws for laboratory tests are less valid compared to a single diagnostic test.

Markers of protein status, like albumin and prealbumin, have significant value in assessing and monitoring nutritional status in the acute-care setting.

Systemic inflammation can reduce albumin synthesis and increase its degradation.

Protein status assessment in acute-care settings primarily focuses on somatic protein compartments.

Hypoalbuminemia is only studied in patients with burns and pressure ulcers.

Albumin levels are elevated in cases of dehydration.

Low fibronectin levels are associated with inflammation.

Prealbumin levels are elevated in patients with liver disease.

Retinol-binding protein levels are elevated in cases of vitamin A deficiency.

Transferrin levels are elevated in chronic infection.

Daily protein requirements for hospitalized patients are the same for all conditions.

The protein requirement for obese, critically ill patients is 1.5 grams per kilogram.

The protein requirement for patients with pressure ulcers is 1.5-2.0 grams per kilogram.

Protein repletion requires a protein intake of less than 1.0 grams per kilogram.

Severe trauma and burns lead to a lower protein requirement compared to normal maintenance.

Fluid requirements for a normal person are typically estimated based on body surface area.