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Interobserver Agreement (IOA) Flashcards
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Interobserver Agreement (IOA) Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is Interobserver Agreement (IOA)?

  • The agreement between two observers reporting different values
  • A qualitative assessment of observer effectiveness
  • The degree to which two or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events (correct)
  • A calculation method used to determine the accuracy of a measurement

    • Which of the following is NOT a benefit of IOA?

  • Ensures absolute certainty in data interpretation (correct)
  • Determines the competence of new observers
  • Detects observer drift
  • Gives confidence in the clarity of target behavior definitions

    • What are the requisites for obtaining valid IOA?

    Same measurement system, same event, independent of one another

    What formula is used to calculate Total Count IOA?

    <p>(Smaller Count/ Larger Count) x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Mean Count-per-Interval IOA?

    <p>(Int 1 IOA + Int 2 IOA + Int n IOA)/n intervals x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Exact Count-Per-Interval IOA measure?

    <p>(# of intervals of 100% IOA)/n intervals x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculation for Trial by Trial IOA?

    <p>(# of Trials of Agreement)/Total # of Trials x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Total Duration IOA calculated?

    <p>(Shorter Duration/Longer Duration) x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Mean Duration-Per-occurrence IOA represent?

    <p>(Dur IOA R1 + Dur IOA R2 + Dur IOA Rn)/#responses with Dur IOA x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Interval by Interval IOA?

    <p>(# of intervals of agreement of occurrence or non-occurrence) / (Total number of intervals) x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Score Interval IOA determined?

    <h1>of intervals of agreement of occurrence/# of intervals in which either or both observers recorded occurrence x 100</h1> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Unscored Interval IOA measure?

    <h1>of intervals of agreement of non-occurrence/# of intervals in which either or both observers recorded an occurrence x 100</h1> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should IOA be obtained?

    <p>For a minimum of 20% of a study's sessions, preferably between 25% and 33%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of calculating IOA should be preferred?

    <p>More stringent and conservative methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are acceptable levels of IOA?

    <p>90% or greater for an established measure, and at least 80% for a new variable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Interobserver Agreement (IOA)

    • Defined as the level of agreement between two or more independent observers measuring the same events, ensuring reliability in data collection.

    Benefits and Uses of IOA

    • Assesses the competence of new observers.
    • Identifies observer drift, or changes in observer performance over time.
    • Confirms clarity of target behavior definitions and ease of the measurement code.
    • Enhances confidence that data variability reflects actual changes in behavior rather than observer differences.

    Requisites for Obtaining Valid IOA

    • Requires the same measurement system.
    • Observers must measure the same event.
    • Observers must operate independently from one another.

    Total Count IOA

    • Calculated using the formula: (Smaller Count / Larger Count) x 100.
    • Suitable for event recording but not highly stringent.
    • Reflects total counts recorded by each observer during the measurement period.

    Mean Count-per-Interval IOA

    • Determined by averaging individual interval IOAs: (Int 1 IOA + Int 2 IOA + ... + Int n IOA) / n intervals x 100.
    • Used in event recording to summarize observer agreement over multiple intervals.

    Exact Count-Per-Interval IOA

    • Computed using the formula: (# of intervals of 100% IOA) / n intervals x 100.
    • Most stringent method for event recording, reflecting the proportion of intervals where two observers recorded exactly the same count.

    Trial by Trial IOA

    • Calculated as: (# of Trials of Agreement) / Total # of Trials x 100.
    • Provides a conservative and meaningful evaluation by comparing counts trial-by-trial.

    Total Duration IOA

    • Calculated through: (Shorter Duration / Longer Duration) x 100.
    • Applied in timing data, not highly stringent, and suitable when duration is a dependent variable.

    Mean Duration-Per-Occurrence IOA

    • Calculated as: (Dur IOA R1 + Dur IOA R2 + ... + Dur IOA Rn) / # responses with Dur IOA x 100.
    • Used in timing data for calculating mean latency-per-response or mean inter-response time (IRT)-per-response.

    Interval by Interval IOA

    • Formula: (# of intervals of agreement) / (Total intervals of occurrence and non-occurrence) x 100.
    • Relevant in interval recording, potentially overestimates agreement at extreme behavior rates.

    Score Interval IOA

    • Calculated as: # of intervals of occurrence agreement / # of positive occurrence intervals x 100.
    • Specific for low-rate behaviors in interval recording.

    Unscored Interval IOA

    • Determined by: # of intervals of non-occurrence agreement / # of intervals with any occurrence x 100.
    • Used for behaviors that occur at high rates in interval recording.

    Frequency of IOA Assessment

    • IOA should be obtained for at least 20% of a study’s sessions, with a preferred range of 25% to 33%.

    Methodology for Calculating IOA

    • Utilize stringent and conservative methods for calculating IOA to avoid overestimation of actual agreement.

    Acceptable Levels of IOA

    • Acceptable IOA should be 90% or higher for established measures and at least 80% for new variables.
    • The smaller change in behavior expected across conditions, the higher the required IOA percentage.

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    Test your knowledge on Interobserver Agreement (IOA) with these flashcards. Learn the definition and the benefits of using IOA in various measurement scenarios. Perfect for students and professionals in behavioral science and research.

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