Internet vs. Web Essentials

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the processor (CPU) in a computer?

To interpret and carry out basic instructions (correct)

To store large amounts of data permanently

To manage the physical connections of hardware components

To provide a graphical interface for user interactions

Which component is responsible for temporarily storing data being processed in a computer system?

Motherboard

Processor

RAM (correct)

Cache

What is the role of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a computer's processor?

To manage input and output operations

To store the operating system

To perform arithmetic and logical operations (correct)

To execute system software tasks

What type of memory is known for its temporary storage and ability to be accessed quickly by the processor?

RAM Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what an adapter card does in a computer?

Enhances the functionality of a computer component Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the computer is considered the main circuit board?

Motherboard Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the two leading manufacturers of PC processor chips?

Intel & AMD Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a heat sink in computer systems?

To cool down the processor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the five elements of information systems?

Resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Transaction Processing System (TPS)?

To record routine business transactions Signup and view all the answers

Which system is specifically designed to support unstructured decision making at the strategic level?

Executive Support System (ESS) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function that an Electronic Health Record (EHR) should support?

Unsecured communication among providers Signup and view all the answers

What type of information system is designed primarily to increase productivity for data workers?

Office Automation System (OAS) Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the role of Software in information systems?

Set of instructions guiding the hardware Signup and view all the answers

Which element is represented by a series of steps undertaken to achieve a desired outcome?

Procedures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options does NOT represent a type of information system?

Analytic Performance System (APS) Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary function of a web browser?

Accessing websites Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a search engine?

Google Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of wired networks compared to wireless networks?

Higher installation complexity Signup and view all the answers

What medium do wireless networks primarily use for data transmission?

Radio waves Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for successful communication in a network?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a LAN (local area network)?

Connecting computers within a limited geographical area Signup and view all the answers

What is one disadvantage of wireless networks compared to wired networks?

Lower reliability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a search engine's algorithms?

To rank and display relevant results Signup and view all the answers

What primarily defines a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?

Connects multiple Local Area Networks (LANs) within a metropolitan area. Signup and view all the answers

Which network type is primarily used to connect devices within an individual's workspace?

Personal Area Network (PAN) Signup and view all the answers

In a client/server network architecture, which entity has the role of providing services?

The server Signup and view all the answers

What technology does a Body Area Network (BAN) primarily utilize?

Wireless sensors worn by or attached to a human body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Wide Area Networks (WAN) is incorrect?

WANs are limited to a single city. Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes the internet from the web?

The internet is a global network of devices, while the web comprises interlinked documents. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a component of the web?

Webpage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the web?

To provide access to information through websites. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the dependency between the internet and the web?

The web depends on the internet for its operation. Signup and view all the answers

How are webpages primarily created?

Using HTML language. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a website?

A collection of related webpages hosted under a single domain. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of web servers?

To store and serve webpages to users over the internet. Signup and view all the answers

What do browsers primarily facilitate?

Accessing web pages and online content. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Internet vs. Web

Internet: A global network of interconnected devices that facilitates data exchange. It uses protocols like TCP/IP.
Web: A collection of interlinked hypertext documents accessible via the internet using web browsers. It offers resources such as websites, web pages, and web-based services.

Web Essentials

Web: A global network of interconnected documents and resources accessible through the internet using HTTP. It is a platform for information sharing.
Webpage: An individual document on the web written in HTML. Each webpage contains unique content like text, images, and videos.
Website: A collection of related webpages hosted under a single domain, including pages like the homepage and about page.
Web Server: Specialized computers or software applications that store, process, and serve webpages to users over the internet. They are distinct from search engines.

Computers & Hardware

Computer: An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its memory (RAM), used for processing data and generating information.
Hardware: The collection of physical elements that make up a computer system, including the monitor, mouse, keyboard, data storage, and system unit.
Motherboard: The main circuit board of a computer, containing essential components.
Computer Chip: A small semiconductor material with integrated circuits etched on it. It contains microscopic pathways for electrical current and components like resistors, capacitors, and transistors.
Processor (CPU): Interprets and executes instructions that operate a computer. It consists of the control unit, ALU, and registers (temporary data storage). Its operation involves four steps: fetching, decoding, executing, and storing.
Multi-core Processor: A single chip with two or more separate processor cores.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic, comparison, and other logical operations.
Leading PC Processor Manufacturers: Intel and AMD
PC Cooling: Heat sinks, liquid cooling technologies, and cooling mats help manage heat generated by the computer.
Memory: Electronic components that store instructions waiting for execution by the processor, data needed by the instructions, and results of processing. It stores three categories of items: Operating system, applications, and data being processed and resulting information.
RAM (Random Access Memory): Memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.
Cache: Temporary storage areas that improve processing time. Examples include memory cache (for frequently used instructions and data) and disk cache.
Adapter Card: Circuit boards that enhance functions of a component of a desktop computer. They are inserted into expansion slots. Examples include sound cards and video cards.

Software & Information Systems

Software: Organized collections of computer data and instructions. Examples include system software and application software.
Information System (IS): A set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordination, and control in an organization.
Five Key Elements of an IS: Hardware, software, data, people, and procedures.
Types of IS:
- Transaction Processing System (TPS): Handles and records routine daily business transactions.
- Office Automation System (OAS): Enhances the productivity of office workers by providing tools like word processing, email, and scheduling systems.
- Knowledge Work System (KWS): Supports knowledge workers in creating and integrating new knowledge in the organization.
- Decision Support System (DSS): Aids management in semi-structured and unstructured decision making by combining data with analytical models.
- Management Information System (MIS): Provides routine summary and exception reports to support planning, controlling, and decision making at the management level.
- Executive Support System (ESS): Supports strategic decision making with advanced graphics and communication capabilities.

Health Informatics

Electronic Health Record (EHR): A digitized version of a patient's medical chart.
Eight Key Functions of EHR Systems:
- Physician access to patient information
- Access to new and past test results
- Computerized provider order entry
- Computerized decision-support systems
- Secure electronic communication among providers and patients
- Safe patient access to health records
- Computerized administrative processes
- Standards-based electronic data storage and reporting for patient safety

Network & Internet Literacy

Browser: A software application used for accessing websites, navigating hyperlinks, and managing browsing history, bookmarks, and privacy settings. Common examples are Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
Search Engine: A software system that helps users find information on the internet by using algorithms to rank and display relevant results based on search queries. Popular search engines include Google, Yahoo, Bing.

Networks

Network: A group of two or more computers or electronic devices connected for exchanging data and sharing resources.
Wired Network: Computers are connected using physical cables, such as copper wires or fiber optic cables. They offer high speeds and reliability but have limited mobility.
Wireless Network: Computers are connected using electromagnetic waves, like radio waves, infrared waves, or Bluetooth. They provide mobility but have lower speeds and may be less reliable than wired networks.
LAN (Local Area Network): A network connecting devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, school, or office building. All devices connected to a LAN are called nodes, which share resources.
- WLAN (Wireless LAN): A wireless LAN that utilizes built-in wireless capabilities in computers and devices to communicate, potentially connecting with wired LANs.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): A high-speed network that connects LANs within a city or town. It often includes multiple LANs.
WAN (Wide Area Network): A network covering a large geographical area, such as a country or the world, using both wired and wireless technology. The internet is considered the largest WAN.
PAN (Personal Area Network): A network connecting devices within an individual's workspace using wired and wireless technology. It uses routers, network cables, Bluetooth, or Wi-Fi.
- BAN (Body Area Network): Uses wireless technology to connect sensors worn by or attached to a human body.
Network Architecture: The configuration of computers, devices, and media within a network.
- Client/Server Network: One or more computers act as servers, providing services to other computers on the network, called clients. Both wired and wireless networks can be configured this way.
- Peer-to-peer Network: Each computer or device has equal capabilities and responsibilities, sharing hardware, data, and other resources with each other.

Communication

Communication: The process of transferring data, instructions, and information between two or more computers or devices. Successful communication requires a sending device, a transmission medium, and a receiving device.
Importance of Networks:
- Facilitate communication between different devices.
- Enable resource sharing, like files, data, and software.
- Support financial transactions.

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Description

Explore the fundamental differences between the Internet and the Web through this informative quiz. Test your knowledge on key concepts such as web pages, websites, servers, and how these elements interconnect to create the digital landscape we navigate today.