Internet of Things - Sensors Connectivity and Network
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Questions and Answers

What type of devices are required to support the second layer in the IoT architecture according to the text?

  • Radio communication modules, micro controllers, signal processing units
  • Smartphones, tablets, laptops
  • Bluetooth, wireless access points, gateways
  • Routers, hubs, switches (correct)
  • What is one of the properties of the second layer in the IoT architecture as mentioned in the text?

  • Relies on Bluetooth connections
  • Does not need any additional hardware
  • Must support massive volumes of IoT data (correct)
  • Requires smartphones for performance
  • What network model quality of service requirement is mentioned in the text for the second layer of IoT?

  • Intermittent connectivity & high data loss
  • High latency & high error probability
  • No security protocols
  • Low latency & low error probability (correct)
  • Which components are needed to form gateways in the second layer according to the text?

    <p>Radio communication modules, micro controllers, signal processing units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue arises with scalability in some networks as discussed in the text?

    <p>They may not work well when they become 10 times larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which devices or technologies are essential for collecting and aggregating data in gateways according to the text?

    <p>Access points, micro controllers, routers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sensors connectivity and network layer in the Internet of Things (IoT)?

    <p>To provide a means for sensors, actuators, and tags to transmit and receive data over various networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a networking technology used in the sensors connectivity and network layer of IoT?

    <p>5G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range of a wireless Personal Area Network (PAN) in the IoT context?

    <p>5 to 10 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a sensor or actuator mentioned in the text?

    <p>Humidity sensor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tags, such as RFID and barcodes, in the Internet of Things?

    <p>To provide a means of identifying and tracking objects or assets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an IoT sensor does not have access to a LAN or PAN gateway, how can it connect to the internet according to the text?

    <p>Through a Wide Area Network (WAN) interface, such as a mobile communication network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a Local Area Network (LAN)?

    <p>Limited to a relatively small area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Personal Area Network (PAN)?

    <p>To enable communication between devices in close proximity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an actuator in the Internet of Things (IoT)?

    <p>A motor that opens a garage door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of tags in the IoT?

    <p>To identify and track objects or assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

    <p>Spans a large geographic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sensors in the IoT?

    <p>To detect and measure physical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The First Layer: Sensors Connectivity and Network

    • The first layer includes networking technologies such as LAN (Local Area Network) and PAN (Personal Area Network).
    • LAN has two types: wired (Ethernet) and wireless (Wi-Fi) with a service range of around 30 meters.
    • PAN has a range of 5 to 10 meters and includes technologies such as UWB (Ultra-Wideband), ZigBee, Bluetooth, and 6LoWPAN.
    • This layer also includes sensors and actuators such as motors, GPS, photoelectric sensors, and healthcare monitoring sensors.
    • Other types of sensors include environmental sensors, military sensors, body sensors, home sensors, and surveillance sensors.
    • Tags such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and Barcode (1D and 2D) are also part of this layer.
    • Sensors and actuators can be directly connected to the internet through a WAN (Wide Area Network) interface if no LAN or PAN gateway is available.

    The Second Layer: Gateway and Network

    • This layer requires routers, hubs, switches, and other hardware technologies to form gateways that collect and aggregate data.
    • Properties of this layer include:
      • Supporting massive volumes of IoT data produced by wireless sensors and smart devices.
      • Robust and reliable performance with low latency and low error probability.
      • High throughput and energy efficiency.
      • High level of security and scalability.

    The Third Layer: Management Services

    • This layer is responsible for information analysis, security control, process modeling, and device management.
    • It also includes billing support systems (BSS) for billing reporting and data management.
    • Information access, integration, and control are based on the type of business.
    • Examples of information flow include:
      • Periodic IoT sensor data requiring filtering.
      • Aperiodic event-triggered IoT sensor data requiring immediate delivery and response.

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    Test your knowledge on the first layer of Internet of Things (IoT) focusing on Sensors connectivity and network technologies such as LAN (Local Area Network) with Wi-Fi and Ethernet. Explore how sensors connect and communicate within IoT systems.

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