Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of Web Services Description Language (WSDL)?
What is the primary function of Web Services Description Language (WSDL)?
- To describe the available services and how to connect to them (correct)
- To serve as a protocol for sending messages between applications
- To provide a listing of all web services in a network
- To encode data for transmission over the internet
Which of the following protocols is NOT commonly associated with web services?
Which of the following protocols is NOT commonly associated with web services?
- SOAP
- REST
- HTML (correct)
- SMTP
In the context of web services, what does REST stand for?
In the context of web services, what does REST stand for?
- Representational State Transfer (correct)
- Representation Service Transfer
- Remote Execution State Transfer
- Resource Efficient State Transfer
Which data format is primarily used by Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)?
Which data format is primarily used by Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)?
What is the purpose of Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) in web services?
What is the purpose of Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) in web services?
What is the first step in the message passing process?
What is the first step in the message passing process?
Which type of middleware primarily supports synchronous communications between distributed objects?
Which type of middleware primarily supports synchronous communications between distributed objects?
What does middleware provide to application developers?
What does middleware provide to application developers?
Which architecture is NOT identified as an integrative architecture?
Which architecture is NOT identified as an integrative architecture?
What does the term 'message-oriented middleware' imply?
What does the term 'message-oriented middleware' imply?
What is the purpose of the Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol?
What is the purpose of the Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol?
What role does middleware play in application integration?
What role does middleware play in application integration?
Who defines and maintains the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)?
Who defines and maintains the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)?
What is the primary purpose of the Internet of Things (IoT)?
What is the primary purpose of the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Which of the following best describes 'Integrative Programming'?
Which of the following best describes 'Integrative Programming'?
What does 'Application Integration' primarily facilitate?
What does 'Application Integration' primarily facilitate?
What is the focus of inter-system communication?
What is the focus of inter-system communication?
Which of the following constitutes 'System Integration'?
Which of the following constitutes 'System Integration'?
What is the goal of modification in software integration?
What is the goal of modification in software integration?
What does the Integration Model define?
What does the Integration Model define?
Which of the following describes 'Incremental Engineering' in software development?
Which of the following describes 'Incremental Engineering' in software development?
What is the primary purpose of the presentation integration model?
What is the primary purpose of the presentation integration model?
Which challenge is associated with network unreliability in integration solutions?
Which challenge is associated with network unreliability in integration solutions?
What is the function of the data integration model?
What is the function of the data integration model?
Which integration method allows applications to produce files for other applications to consume?
Which integration method allows applications to produce files for other applications to consume?
What does the messaging integration method facilitate?
What does the messaging integration method facilitate?
What is a key challenge posed by heterogeneous systems in application integration?
What is a key challenge posed by heterogeneous systems in application integration?
Which of the following best describes remote procedure invocation?
Which of the following best describes remote procedure invocation?
What is one of the fundamental challenges of integration that deals with frequent application changes?
What is one of the fundamental challenges of integration that deals with frequent application changes?
Study Notes
Internet of Things (IoT)
- A network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange data with other devices over the internet.
Integrated Programming Technologies
- Combining existing software components to form a complete system.
- A set of integration approaches that connect different components of IT infrastructure to enable secure, inter-application collaboration.
- Create dynamic environments that support current and evolving business requirements.
- Allows the unlimited sharing of data and business processes among applications without major changes to the applications or data structures.
Inter-system Communication
- Communication between heterogeneous integrated systems.
- Can be achieved through system integration, functional or technology integration, incremental engineering, or modification of existing systems.
Integration Model
- Defines how applications will be integrated by defining the nature and mechanisms for integration.
- Presentation Integration Model: Integrates new software through existing presentations.
- Data Integration Model: Integrates applications through access to data stored by the software.
- Functional Integration Model: Integrates applications for the purpose of invoking functionality from other applications.
Integration Fundamental Challenges
- Network unreliability.
- Distributed Systems.
- Slow networks.
- Application heterogeneity.
- Modification Complexity.
Integration Methods: Application Integration
- A framework composed of technologies and services that enable integration of systems and applications.
- Four common methods:
- File Transfer: Applications produce files containing information for other applications to consume.
- Shared Database: A single physical database shared by different applications running on different platforms.
- Remote Procedure Invocation: Applications are developed as large-scale objects with encapsulated data.
- Messaging: Transfers packets of data frequently, immediately, reliably, and asynchronously or synchronously using customizable formats.
Middleware
- Software located between the operating system and applications that connects them.
- Provides a standard interface to application developers for interoperability.
- Three types:
- Transaction-oriented middleware: Supports distributed computing involving database applications.
- Message-oriented middleware: Supports reliable, asynchronous communication between components.
- Object-oriented middleware: Supports communication between objects, primarily synchronously (e.g., CORBA, DCOM, RMI).
Integrative Architectures
- Standardized methodologies for application integration (e.g., CORBA, DCOM, RPC).
- Act as middleware, mediating between different applications.
RPC
- Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol is used to communicate between processes on different workstations.
Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)
- A software standard defined and maintained by the Object Management Group (OMG) that enables communication between objects.
Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM)
- Extends COM to support communication between objects.
- A remote protocol defining binary standards for component interoperability.
Common Messaging Frameworks
- JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): Used to transfer data between networked applications.
- REST (Representational State Transfer): An architectural style that uses HTTP for communication.
- XML (Extensible Markup Language): A markup language used to define structured data.
- SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol): A protocol used for exchanging structured data using XML over HTTP or SMTP.
Web Services
- Interoperable machine-to-machine software functions hosted at a network addressable location built on open standards and protocols.
- Use protocols such as:
- XML: Tagging, coding, and decoding data.
- WSDL (Web Services Description Language): Describing web services and how to connect.
- UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration): Listing available services within an application and making them discoverable.
2 Major Implementations of Web Services
- SOAP: Exchanging structured data using XML over HTTP and SMTP. Uses WSDL for service descriptions.
- REST: An architectural style that uses HTTP and repurposes methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to perform actions on objects represented by unique URLs.
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Description
Explore the concepts of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Integrated Programming Technologies through this quiz. Delve into the mechanisms of inter-system communication and integration models that facilitate collaboration among various applications. Test your understanding of these essential technologies that are shaping the interconnected world.