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Questions and Answers
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is unanimously recognized as an addiction across all demographics.
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is unanimously recognized as an addiction across all demographics.
False
The prevalence of IGD is decreasing due to better technological advances and screening tools.
The prevalence of IGD is decreasing due to better technological advances and screening tools.
False
Male children and adolescents in East Asian countries have a higher risk of developing IGD compared to other regions.
Male children and adolescents in East Asian countries have a higher risk of developing IGD compared to other regions.
True
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not associated with Internet Gaming Disorder.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not associated with Internet Gaming Disorder.
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Gaming often allows players to experience alternate realities and social interactions.
Gaming often allows players to experience alternate realities and social interactions.
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Clinicians are not concerned about gamers being unable to control their gaming behavior.
Clinicians are not concerned about gamers being unable to control their gaming behavior.
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Lydia Bennett-Li is studying at the University of Sussex in the field of psychology.
Lydia Bennett-Li is studying at the University of Sussex in the field of psychology.
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Richard Velleman is associated with an organization focused on addictions research in India.
Richard Velleman is associated with an organization focused on addictions research in India.
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Conceptualising internet gaming disorder (IGD) as an addiction is universally accepted among scholars.
Conceptualising internet gaming disorder (IGD) as an addiction is universally accepted among scholars.
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The cut-off for problematic gaming is argued to be 4 hours per day or 30 hours per week.
The cut-off for problematic gaming is argued to be 4 hours per day or 30 hours per week.
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Engaging in thoughts of gaming at a dangerous level excludes one from being classified as a gaming addict.
Engaging in thoughts of gaming at a dangerous level excludes one from being classified as a gaming addict.
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Ongoing debates suggest that IGD may serve as a coping mechanism for negative emotions.
Ongoing debates suggest that IGD may serve as a coping mechanism for negative emotions.
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The DSM-5 includes a diagnosis for internet gaming disorder based on the duration of gameplay alone.
The DSM-5 includes a diagnosis for internet gaming disorder based on the duration of gameplay alone.
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There is clarity surrounding the conceptualisation of gaming behaviors and their impacts.
There is clarity surrounding the conceptualisation of gaming behaviors and their impacts.
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Arguments exist that IGD could be a diversion from reality.
Arguments exist that IGD could be a diversion from reality.
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To be diagnosed with IGD, one must have a compulsive need to play games for over 20 hours a week.
To be diagnosed with IGD, one must have a compulsive need to play games for over 20 hours a week.
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The DSM-5 categorizes internet gaming disorder as a fully recognized mental health condition.
The DSM-5 categorizes internet gaming disorder as a fully recognized mental health condition.
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Meeting four of the nine diagnostic criteria is sufficient for a diagnosis of internet gaming disorder according to DSM-5.
Meeting four of the nine diagnostic criteria is sufficient for a diagnosis of internet gaming disorder according to DSM-5.
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Internet gaming disorder can lead to a range of negative emotional consequences, including mood changes.
Internet gaming disorder can lead to a range of negative emotional consequences, including mood changes.
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Caffeine overconsumption is one of the symptoms identified as associated with internet gaming disorder.
Caffeine overconsumption is one of the symptoms identified as associated with internet gaming disorder.
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The DSM-5 differentiates between addiction disorders and mere coping mechanisms, strictly labeling gaming as an addiction.
The DSM-5 differentiates between addiction disorders and mere coping mechanisms, strictly labeling gaming as an addiction.
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There is an increased risk of suicide associated with internet gaming disorder according to research.
There is an increased risk of suicide associated with internet gaming disorder according to research.
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Loss of control over gaming behavior and withdrawal symptoms when gameplay is stopped are key criteria for diagnosing internet gaming disorder.
Loss of control over gaming behavior and withdrawal symptoms when gameplay is stopped are key criteria for diagnosing internet gaming disorder.
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Internet gaming disorder has been conclusively proven to impact interpersonal relationships positively.
Internet gaming disorder has been conclusively proven to impact interpersonal relationships positively.
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Raul's grades began to improve after he started spending more time playing video games.
Raul's grades began to improve after he started spending more time playing video games.
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Raul's parents sought help for him due to concerns about his isolation and aggressive behavior.
Raul's parents sought help for him due to concerns about his isolation and aggressive behavior.
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy was prescribed to Raul for 12 weeks to address his gaming habits.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy was prescribed to Raul for 12 weeks to address his gaming habits.
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Raul was socially active and engaged in extracurricular activities while spending time gaming.
Raul was socially active and engaged in extracurricular activities while spending time gaming.
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Raul was able to maintain friendships while playing video games excessively.
Raul was able to maintain friendships while playing video games excessively.
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Raul's parents encouraged him to game more to reduce his anxiety about school.
Raul's parents encouraged him to game more to reduce his anxiety about school.
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Raul often played video games during the day before returning to school.
Raul often played video games during the day before returning to school.
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Raul's gameplay was motivated by a desire to escape from school pressure.
Raul's gameplay was motivated by a desire to escape from school pressure.
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ICD-11 categorizes problematic gaming behavior as either 'gaming disorder' or 'hazardous gaming behaviour'.
ICD-11 categorizes problematic gaming behavior as either 'gaming disorder' or 'hazardous gaming behaviour'.
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The categorization of gaming behavior changes to 'hazardous gaming behaviour' when it inflicts actual harm.
The categorization of gaming behavior changes to 'hazardous gaming behaviour' when it inflicts actual harm.
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No diagnostic tools currently exist for classifying gaming behavior according to ICD-11.
No diagnostic tools currently exist for classifying gaming behavior according to ICD-11.
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Jemima's gaming behavior improved her confidence and social interactions following her breakup.
Jemima's gaming behavior improved her confidence and social interactions following her breakup.
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Jemima was previously employed full time as a legal secretary before she started gaming more frequently.
Jemima was previously employed full time as a legal secretary before she started gaming more frequently.
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Gaming disorder is recognized as a diagnosis distinct from hazardous gaming behavior.
Gaming disorder is recognized as a diagnosis distinct from hazardous gaming behavior.
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Jemima's roommate became concerned for her well-being because she was excelling in her career and rarely leaving the flat.
Jemima's roommate became concerned for her well-being because she was excelling in her career and rarely leaving the flat.
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The classification of risky gaming behavior is based on the presence of any gaming activity.
The classification of risky gaming behavior is based on the presence of any gaming activity.
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Anxiety disorders and depression are associated with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms.
Anxiety disorders and depression are associated with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms.
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The ICD-11 defines 'hazardous gaming' as gaming that poses no risk to mental health.
The ICD-11 defines 'hazardous gaming' as gaming that poses no risk to mental health.
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Only online gaming is considered in the classification of hazardous gaming.
Only online gaming is considered in the classification of hazardous gaming.
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The systematic review evaluated screening tools based on studies conducted exclusively in North America.
The systematic review evaluated screening tools based on studies conducted exclusively in North America.
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Screening tools for Internet Gaming Disorder have become more uniform since the inclusion of IGD in DSM-5.
Screening tools for Internet Gaming Disorder have become more uniform since the inclusion of IGD in DSM-5.
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Frequency and duration of gaming are factors that can contribute to hazardous gaming.
Frequency and duration of gaming are factors that can contribute to hazardous gaming.
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Individuals aged 9 to 18 are not included in the studies relevant to Internet Gaming Disorder.
Individuals aged 9 to 18 are not included in the studies relevant to Internet Gaming Disorder.
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Risky behaviors associated with gaming do not affect the classification of Internet Gaming Disorder.
Risky behaviors associated with gaming do not affect the classification of Internet Gaming Disorder.
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Study Notes
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in Clinical Practice
- IGD is a condition characterized by preoccupation with online gaming, inability to regulate gaming behavior, and resulting negative physical and psychological effects.
- Though debated as an addiction or coping mechanism, prevalence is increasing due to technology's wider availability.
- Increased risk for male children and adolescents in East Asian countries.
- Commonly associated with ADHD, depression, and anxiety.
Learning Objectives for IGD
- Understanding varying definitions and conceptualizations of IGD
- Identifying risk factors, clinical features, and evidence-based treatments for IGD
- Recognizing ongoing challenges in diagnosing and treating IGD
Terminology
- Internet addiction: Umbrella term for excessive online engagement, encompassing chatting and gaming. Lacking specificity due to focusing on the internet itself rather than specific behaviors.
- Gaming disorder: As defined in ICD-11, covers online and offline gaming addiction.
- Internet gaming disorder (IGD): Described in DSM-5, focusing on online gaming addiction.
Conceptualisations of IGD
- ICD-11 defines gaming disorder as a pattern of gaming characterized by impaired control, prioritizing gaming over other activities, and continuing despite negative consequences—present for at least 12 months, significantly affecting daily life.
- The DSM-5 definition of Internet Gaming Disorder involves persistent and recurrent online gaming leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. This approach has received criticism for potential over-pathologising of recreational activity, including potentially misclassifying coping mechanisms as addictions.
Origins and Evolution of IGD
- Video game "addiction" concerns emerged in the 1980s.
- Early research relied on case studies and focused on one type of gaming.
- Over time, research broadened to include computers, consoles, and evolving online gaming platforms.
- The DSM-5's recognition of IGD in 2013 prompted further investigation.
Global Prevalence of IGD
- Precise global prevalence estimates are difficult due to varying research methodologies and theoretical frameworks.
- Prevalence is often higher in males and adolescents than other groups, and especially prevalent in East Asian countries.
- Current estimates suggest a prevalence of roughly 1%.
Risk Factors for IGD
- Individual Risk Factors: Male gender, low confidence, adolescence, ADHD, aggression, impulsivity, introversion, depression, risk-taking behaviors, substance abuse, low self-esteem, low self-efficacy.
- External Risk Factors: Single-parent families, strained family relationships, low socioeconomic status, increased accessibility to devices.
- Game-Specific Risk Factors: Social aspects of games, narrative, identity, reward/punishment structures, manipulation/control elements, game presentation, factors that increase engagement.
Neurobiological Basis of IGD
- Studies using fMRI, rsfMRI, VBM, PET, and EEG show differences in brain activity between healthy gamers and those with IGD.
- IGD is associated with: lower activity in bilateral middle and inferior temporal gyri, impaired emotion regulation, reduced cognitive control, and impaired response inhibition and decision-making ability.
- IGD may involve deficient reward systems, similar to substance addictions.
Clinical Characteristics of IGD
- Lack of consensus on assessment, diagnosis, and treatment methods.
- Various clinical characteristics and symptoms exist, often comorbid with other conditions (depression, anxiety, ADHD, etc.).
- Clinical guidelines are currently under development (ICD-11).
Evidence-Based Treatments for IGD
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a common approach.
- Treatment programs may address comorbid conditions and implement strategies for coping mechanisms and impulse control.
- The scientific evidence base for treatment is still limited but expanding, with variability in approaches, diagnoses, and methodology across studies.
Future Directions for IGD Research
- Continued development of validated diagnostic tools and reliable measurement instruments is important.
- The creation of more rigorous and consistent research is needed.
- Improving the quality of treatment studies and their design is required.
- Understanding the long-term effects of treatment is crucial.
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Description
Explore the complexities of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), including its definitions, risk factors, and clinical features. This quiz will enhance your understanding of the challenges in diagnosing and treating IGD, particularly in vulnerable demographics like children and adolescents. Gain insights into evidence-based treatments and the relationship between IGD and mental health disorders.
