Internet Basics Overview
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Questions and Answers

What defines the Internet according to the text?

  • The high-speed Internet backbone networks (correct)
  • The companies providing Internet service
  • The ownership of smaller networks
  • The technologies used to connect home computers

    • What is the main function of an Internet service provider (ISP) as discussed in the text?

  • Providing access to the Internet for companies or individuals (correct)
  • Managing the Internet backbone networks
  • Converting data into analog signals
  • Transferring data via cable TV signals

    • How does a cable modem function according to the text?

  • It converts computer data into analog audio signals
  • It transfers data over the same line as cable TV signals (correct)
  • It uses regular copper phone lines for data transfer
  • It provides access to high-speed Internet backbone networks

    • What technology uses regular copper phone lines to transfer digital data, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Digital subscriber line (DSL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connection speed characterizes a broadband connection based on the information provided?

    <p>Faster than 128 bits per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a home phone modem according to the text?

    <p>Converting computer data into analog audio signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connection is a cable modem?

    <p>Broadband</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between download speed and upload speed for Internet connections?

    <p>The speeds may differ as downloads and uploads are different processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is information exchanged between a user's computer and a Web server?

    <p>Using the best possible path determined by routers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device determines the paths for information exchange over the Internet?

    <p>Routers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of addressing, how does a device specify which device it wants to send a message to?

    <p>By using specific addressing information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connection typically has speeds faster than 128 bits per second?

    <p>Broadband</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a hostname and an IP address?

    <p>A hostname uniquely identifies a computer on the Internet while an IP address specifies a particular machine in a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do network classes differ in terms of the size of the network they designate?

    <p>Class B networks have more network address bits than Class C networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the host number come from in an IP address?

    <p>The host number specifies a specific machine in a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the first part of an IP address in terms of network classes?

    <p>The first part of an IP address designates the size of the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Class B and Class C networks differ?

    <p>SLU belongs to a Class C network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between a network address and a host number in an IP address?

    <p>A host number is unique within a network whereas a network address is unique across different networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Internet Basics

    • The Internet is a wide-area network composed of many smaller networks, often owned and managed by individuals or organizations.
    • The Internet is defined by how connections are made between these networks.

    Internet Connections

    • The Internet backbone is a set of high-speed networks that carry Internet traffic, provided by companies like AT&T, GTE, and IBM.
    • An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that provides access to the Internet for other companies or individuals.

    Connecting to the Internet

    • There are various technologies to connect a home computer to the Internet, including:
      • Phone modem: converts computer data into an analog audio signal for transfer over a telephone line.
      • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): uses regular copper phone lines to transfer digital data.
      • Cable modem: uses the same line that carries cable TV signals to transfer data.

    Broadband Connections

    • Broadband is a connection with transfer speeds faster than 128 bits per second.
    • Examples of broadband connections include DSL connections and cable modems.

    Network Addresses

    • A hostname is a name made up of words separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the Internet (e.g., www.mathcs.slu.edu).
    • An IP address is a unique address made up of four one-byte numeric values separated by dots (e.g., 192.0.0.1).

    IP Addresses

    • An IP address is split into four bytes: network address, which specifies a specific network, and host number, which specifies a particular machine in that network.
    • The first part of the IP address designates the network, and the number of bits in the network address depends on the size of the network.

    Network Classes

    • Class A network: designated by the first byte (very large; e.g., Apple has 17.x.x.x, MIT has 9.x.x.x).
    • Class B network: designated by the first two bytes (moderate size; e.g., SLU has 165.134.x.x).
    • Class C network: designated by the first three bytes (very small; e.g., Iowa Public Television iptv.org has 205.221.205.x).

    How Information Travels Through the Internet

    • When connecting to a website, there isn't a fixed connection between your computer and the web server.
    • Information is exchanged using the best possible path at that particular time, determined by special computers called routers.

    Addressing

    • A device specifies precisely which device to send a message to by using IP addresses and hostnames.

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    Description

    Learn about the fundamental concepts of the Internet, including how smaller networks connect to form a wide-area network. Explore the role of Internet backbone providers and Internet service providers in facilitating connections between networks.

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