Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) do?
What does the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) do?
- Handles dynamic IP address assignment
- Facilitates the sending of e-mails over the Internet (correct)
- Practices data encryption for text messages
- Manages instant messaging between users
How are dynamic addresses assigned in a network?
How are dynamic addresses assigned in a network?
- Based on geographic location of the device
- Manually configured by the user
- Utilizing the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) (correct)
- By the Internet Service Provider on a fixed schedule
Which of the following is true about e-mail sent over the Internet?
Which of the following is true about e-mail sent over the Internet?
- E-mail messages are encrypted by default
- E-mail can only be sent using a secure connection
- E-mail is sent as plain text and is susceptible to being read (correct)
- E-mail can only exist on the sender's server
What does the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) specification do?
What does the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) specification do?
What is required to run an instant messaging service?
What is required to run an instant messaging service?
What is the main protocol suite used for transmitting data over the Internet?
What is the main protocol suite used for transmitting data over the Internet?
Which of the following describes a challenge faced in developing an open system for Internet communication?
Which of the following describes a challenge faced in developing an open system for Internet communication?
Why is circuit switching considered inefficient for computer communication?
Why is circuit switching considered inefficient for computer communication?
What does the term 'Internet backbone' refer to?
What does the term 'Internet backbone' refer to?
Which two protocols constitute the TCP/IP suite?
Which two protocols constitute the TCP/IP suite?
What is the main function of a DNS server?
What is the main function of a DNS server?
Which of the following correctly describes IPv6?
Which of the following correctly describes IPv6?
What is a primary function of a Point of Presence (POP)?
What is a primary function of a Point of Presence (POP)?
What characterizes the hexadecimal system used in IPv6 addresses?
What characterizes the hexadecimal system used in IPv6 addresses?
Which entity does NOT typically own local networks?
Which entity does NOT typically own local networks?
What issue does the transition to IPv6 aim to address?
What issue does the transition to IPv6 aim to address?
Which organization is responsible for funding a major portion of the internet's infrastructure in the United States?
Which organization is responsible for funding a major portion of the internet's infrastructure in the United States?
Who contributed to the development of e-mail and the ARPANET?
Who contributed to the development of e-mail and the ARPANET?
What type of server enables users to make online purchases?
What type of server enables users to make online purchases?
Which of the following best describes a protocol in networking?
Which of the following best describes a protocol in networking?
Who previously managed many functions related to internet governance before nonprofit organizations took over?
Who previously managed many functions related to internet governance before nonprofit organizations took over?
How do clients primarily request services on the Internet?
How do clients primarily request services on the Internet?
Which of the following components is NOT part of the infrastructure that supports the Internet?
Which of the following components is NOT part of the infrastructure that supports the Internet?
What is the main function of packet switching in computer communication?
What is the main function of packet switching in computer communication?
Which of the following statements best describes an IP address?
Which of the following statements best describes an IP address?
What does dynamic addressing provide in terms of security?
What does dynamic addressing provide in terms of security?
What is the purpose of Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)?
What is the purpose of Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)?
In what format is a typical IP address presented?
In what format is a typical IP address presented?
Flashcards
SMTP
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol; sends emails across the internet.
DHCP
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; assigns IP addresses dynamically.
Instant Messaging (IM)
Instant Messaging (IM)
A client-to-server application for communication in real-time.
MIME
MIME
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Dynamic IP Address
Dynamic IP Address
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Who owns local networks?
Who owns local networks?
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Who owns the internet infrastructure?
Who owns the internet infrastructure?
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What is the Internet's management model?
What is the Internet's management model?
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What are Web Servers?
What are Web Servers?
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What are Commerce Servers?
What are Commerce Servers?
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What are File Servers?
What are File Servers?
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What is a protocol?
What is a protocol?
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What does the Internet use to transmit data?
What does the Internet use to transmit data?
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Supernetting
Supernetting
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IP address
IP address
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Domain Name System (DNS)
Domain Name System (DNS)
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IPv6
IPv6
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How does my computer get an IP address?
How does my computer get an IP address?
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Internet Backbone
Internet Backbone
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What's inefficient about circuit switching for computers?
What's inefficient about circuit switching for computers?
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TCP/IP
TCP/IP
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
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Internet Protocol (IP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
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Packet Switching
Packet Switching
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Domain Name
Domain Name
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CIDR (Classless Inter-domain Routing)
CIDR (Classless Inter-domain Routing)
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Study Notes
Internet and Networking Concepts
- Internet Ownership: Local networks owned by individuals, universities, governments, and private companies. Infrastructure (high-speed lines) owned by government entities and private companies.
- Internet Management: Non-profit organizations and user groups handle specialized purposes, previously by US government contractors. Guarantees global participation towards Internet direction.
- Internet Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) funds a large part of infrastructure, research, and development for new technologies. Other countries also contribute.
- Internet Organizations: Internet Society, IETF, IAB, ICANN, and W3C. Each have specific responsibilities in maintaining and developing the Internet.
How Computers Connect
- Internet as a Network of Networks: The Internet is composed of interconnected networks.
- Internet Backbone: Main paths collectively known as the Internet backbone. These high-speed fiber-optic lines (optical carrier lines) are used for data transmission, with speeds dependent on bandwidth needs.
- Internet Service Provider (ISP) Communication: ISPs connect to each other using Internet exchange points (IXPs).
- Individual Connection to ISP: Individuals connect to ISPs at points of presence (POPs) using various technologies (modems, servers, routers, switches). ISPs maintain various POPs across geographic areas.
- Computer Connections: Computers connect to the Internet using local area networks, connections, and various communication methods. The main paths are collectively known as the Internet backbone.
Client/Server Model
- Clients: Computers, tablets, and smartphones, requesting services.
- Types of Servers:
- Web servers: Host web pages and other information.
- Commerce servers: Enable online purchases using secure protocols.
- File servers: Provide remote storage and file access, often cloud storage.
- Data Transmission and Protocols: Networks use standard protocols (rules for information exchange). Protocols function as "rules of the road" for information.
Data Transmission and Protocols
- Protocols: Sets of rules for exchanging and processing electronic information.
- Standard Protocols: Ensure compatible communication between various devices and locations.
- Open Systems vs. Proprietary Systems: Open system protocols are public, while proprietary systems are private.
- Internet Protocol (IP): Each device connected to the internet requires a unique numerical identifier and a number of domain names that are word-based IP addresses.
Circuit Switching vs. Packet Switching
- Circuit Switching: Used in early telephone systems; creates a dedicated connection for the duration of transmission.
- Inefficiency for Computers: Inefficient for computers needing to send data in bursts.
Internet Identity
- IP Addresses: Unique numerical identifiers for every device connected to the internet.
- Domain Names: Word-based IP addresses used to access specific websites, easy to remember and use.
- DNS (Domain Name System): A database that translates domain names into their associated IP addresses.
IP Addresses
- Static vs. Dynamic: Static IP addresses never change, while dynamic ones are temporary. Dynamic addresses are more secure.
- Dynamic IP (DHCP): Handles dynamic IP addresses by providing them from a pool. Assigns addresses for the duration of a session.
Protocols on the Internet
- TCP/IP Suite: The main suite of protocols that facilitates data transmission and other communication actions on the Internet.
- Protocols Examples: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), UDP (User Datagram Protocol), FTP, Telnet, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, DHCP, RTP, etc.
Communication Over the Internet
- E-mail: Uses SMTP protocol to send messages between users. Email transfers from your computer to the recipient's email server.
- Instant Messaging (IM): Client software connects to a server for real-time communication between two or more devices.
Internet Instant Messaging
- IM Clients: Programs for instant communication. Examples include Google Talk, Yahoo, and Windows live messenger.
- IM Communication: Client software on devices makes a connection with a chat server; information about your device and buddies' information is sent to the server.
File Transfer and Attachments
- File Transfer: Sending files as attachments using MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions). MIME handles the encoding and decoding of files.
- Security: Email is vulnerable to being read by others because plain text; encryption helps protect sensitive communications.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts related to ownership, management, funding, and organizations that govern the Internet. Understand how computers connect and the structure of the Internet as a vast network of networks. Test your knowledge on the Internet's infrastructure and its management bodies.
