Internet and Networking Basics
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Questions and Answers

What are two examples of operating systems that can be used on mobile devices?

Examples of operating systems that can be used on mobile devices are Android and iOS.

List four examples of operating systems that can be used on desktop computers.

Examples of operating systems that can be used on desktop computers are Windows, macOS, Linux, and Chrome OS.

What are two other functions of the operating system besides memory and process management?

Two other functions of the operating system are Input/Output (I/O) management and File management.

What are the four necessary conditions that must hold true simultaneously in a system for a deadlock to arise?

<p>The four necessary conditions for a deadlock are mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no preemption, and circular wait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two ways in which the operating system handles deadlocks?

<p>Two ways in which the operating system handles deadlocks are through deadlock prevention and deadlock recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of operating system is used in appliances such as washing machines or microwaves?

<p>The type of operating system used in appliances such as washing machines or microwaves is a real-time operating system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant advantage of using e-mail over traditional mail?

<p>Speed and convenience</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of network are the students in the computer lab most likely using to conduct their research?

<p>Internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a search engine?

<p>To search and retrieve information from a database or the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a set of related webpages connected through hyperlinks?

<p>Website</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a modem in computer networking?

<p>To connect to the internet and facilitate data transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an SMTP Server?

<p>To send and receive email</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of an Operating System in a computer system?

<p>To control and coordinate the use of hardware among different application software and users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are four functions of an Operating System apart from Memory and Process Management?

<p>Input/Output Management, Security, Networking, and Interrupt Handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are four activities handled by the Operating System as part of Memory Management?

<p>Memory allocation, deallocation, partitioning, and protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are four activities handled by the Operating System as part of File Management?

<p>File creation, deletion, modification, and backup</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between guided and unguided transmission media?

<p>Guided media uses a physical medium (e.g., cables) to transmit data, while unguided media uses electromagnetic waves (e.g., radio, Wi-Fi).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three characteristics that distinguish different network types from each other?

<p>Size, topology, and geographical scope</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ISDN, and what does it stand for?

<p>Integrated Services Digital Network, a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, and data over traditional copper wire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of software required to connect to the Internet?

<p>A web browser, an email client, and a TCP/IP protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an IMAP protocol?

<p>To retrieve and manage email messages from a remote server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym HTTP stand for in relation to the Internet?

<p>HyperText Transfer Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the protocol that enables the user to transfer files from one system to another?

<p>FTP (File Transfer Protocol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts that constitute an email address?

<p>Local part (username) and domain name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What category of virus is most likely to steal credit card information stored on a computer?

<p>Trojan horse</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of networking device uses a technique that reads the MAC address of the data frame and forwards the data to the appropriate port?

<p>A switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give four examples of ISPs operating in Zambia.

<p>Four examples of ISPs operating in Zambia are (answers may vary)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a device that can accept a packet forwarded for one protocol and convert it to a packet formatted for another protocol before forwarding it?

<p>A router</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you access Facebook on a mobile phone without being connected to an Internet Service?

<p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Operating Systems

  • System software managing hardware and software interactions.
  • Intermediates communication between users and computer hardware.
  • Functions beyond memory and process management include:
    • Device management
    • Handling input/output operations
    • Security management
    • User interface management
  • Memory management activities:
    • Allocation of memory space
    • Swapping processes in and out of memory
    • Keeping track of used and free memory
    • Data storage management
  • File management activities:
    • Organization of files in directories
    • File creation, deletion, and modification
    • Access control and permissions management
    • File backup and restoration

Networking and Communication

  • Guided transmission media utilizes physical pathways like cables; unguided media transmits signals wirelessly.
  • Basic LAN topologies include:
    • Star topology: All devices connected to a central hub.
    • Ring topology: Each device is connected in a circular sequence.
    • Bus topology: All devices share a single communication line.
  • Wireless networking media types:
    • Radio waves
    • Microwaves
    • Infrared
  • Characteristics distinguishing network types:
    • Geographical area coverage
    • Ownership of the network
    • Scale and size of the network
  • Functions of networking devices:
    • Router: Connects multiple networks and routes data between them.
    • Gateway: Translates protocols between different network architectures.
    • Switch: Connects devices within the same network to receive and forward data.

Process and Scheduling

  • A process represents a program in execution, undergoing state changes.
  • Various process states include:
    • New: Process is being created.
    • Ready: Process is waiting for CPU allocation.
    • Running: Process is currently being executed.
    • Blocked: Process is waiting for an event or resource.
    • Terminated: Process has finished execution.
  • CPU scheduling algorithms include:
    • First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
    • Round Robin (RR)
    • Shortest Job Next (SJN)
  • Non-pre-emptive process execution means once a process starts, it runs until completion; Round Robin uses pre-emptive scheduling.

Internet Fundamentals

  • Benefits of email over hard-copy letters:
    • Instant delivery
    • Cost-effectiveness
  • Types of networks:
    • Local Area Network (LAN)
    • Wide Area Network (WAN)
    • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
  • Tools for searching the web include search engines like Google.
  • Software accessing the web is called a web browser.
  • Basic communication protocol on the Internet: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).
  • SMTP Server is used for sending emails, VoIP enables voice communication over the internet, BCC keeps recipients hidden, EFT allows electronic money transfers, Modem connects to the internet.

Search Engine Components

  • Components include:
    • Crawler: Scans the web for new or updated pages.
    • Indexer: Organizes and stores content from scanned pages.
    • Query Processor: Interprets and retrieves relevant results based on user input.
    • User Interface: Allows users to input queries and display results.

Virus and Networking

  • Types of viruses vary in destructiveness:
    • Credit card stealing: Trojan viruses.
    • Network overload leading to denial of service: Worms.
  • Virus types include:
    • Boot sector virus
    • File infectors
    • Macro viruses
    • Polymorphic viruses
  • Networking devices:
    • Network interface card (NIC): Connects to a network.
    • Hub: Transmits signals indiscriminately.
    • Switch: Forwards data to specific recipient ports.
    • Bridge: Connects two networks and manages the data format.

General Internet Knowledge

  • Internet: A global network of interconnected networks.
  • URL: Uniform Resource Locator
  • ISP: Internet Service Provider
  • Examples of ISPs in Zambia include Zamtel, MTN Zambia, Airtel Zambia, etc.
  • Internet connection requires browser software, an operating system, and specific protocols like HTTP.
  • Accessing Facebook without internet service is not possible (No).

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Description

Test your knowledge of internet fundamentals, including Internet Service Providers, software requirements, and web protocols. This quiz covers the basics of internet connectivity and online navigation.

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