Internationalism: Concepts and Strategies

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of internationalism?

  • To enhance a single nation’s military power.
  • To establish collective responsibility among nations. (correct)
  • To promote isolation from global issues.
  • To ignore the motives of nations.

Which term describes a country acting independently without seeking cooperation from others?

  • Unilateralism (correct)
  • Supranationalism
  • Multilateralism
  • Bilateralism

Which of the following best describes protectionism?

  • Fostering international collaborations.
  • Supporting free market policies.
  • Implementing tariffs to protect domestic industries. (correct)
  • Encouraging global trade without restrictions.

Which international body is an example of multilateralism?

<p>The World Trade Organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does supranationalism require from participating nations?

<p>Partial surrender of sovereignty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a motivation for nations to pursue internationalism?

<p>Cultural isolationism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes bilateralism in international relations?

<p>Agreements between two countries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During periods of global stress, such as the Great Depression, nations often revert to which behavior?

<p>Isolationism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the United Nations as an intergovernmental organization?

<p>To maintain international peace and security (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the European Union's characteristics?

<p>It creates a free trade zone while promoting the idea of a European community. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge to national sovereignty posed by the European Union?

<p>The necessity to adopt the common currency 'Euro' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental requirement must UN member states adhere to in relation to the Security Council?

<p>Provide armed forces available for use by the Security Council (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do peacekeepers play in conflict areas?

<p>Set up buffer zones and observe reported actions after ceasefires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a main objective of the United Nations?

<p>Establish global military dominance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What guideline must peacekeepers follow regarding their actions in conflict zones?

<p>They should remain neutral and respect host sovereignty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many member states were part of the United Nations when it was established in 1945?

<p>53 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Internationalism

The belief that all nations share responsibility for global challenges and should work together, respecting each other's motives.

Isolationism

A policy of complete separation from world affairs - no social, political, economic, or military engagement with other countries.

Protectionism

Government actions to restrict international trade to protect domestic industries. This can involve tariffs, taxes on imported goods.

Unilateralism

A country acting independently, without agreements or support from others, to address global events.

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Bilateralism

Agreements between two countries to collaborate on shared issues.

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Multilateralism

A policy of multiple countries cooperating to solve common problems. This can involve organizations like the United Nations.

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Supranationalism

A policy where nations agree to follow the decisions of an international organization, even if it means giving up some sovereignty.

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Middle power

A country with significant global influence but not enough to act unilaterally, often preferring multilateral solutions.

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Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)

Organizations formed by independent countries to work together for a common goal.

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Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

Private charities aiming to promote positive change, unaffiliated with any specific government.

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United Nations (UN)

A global organization established after WWII to foster international cooperation and maintain global peace and security.

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Security Council

A powerful UN body responsible for making decisions on international security issues.

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Peacekeepers

UN-sanctioned forces deployed in conflict zones to monitor ceasefires, ensure safety, and report on the situation.

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European Union (EU)

A European supranational body formed in 1991 to promote peace, security, and justice.

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Humanitarianism in International Relations

A motivation arising from the potential for problems in one country to spread to others, leading to a shared interest in global well-being.

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Sovereignty

The concept of a national government's ability to govern independently without interference from external powers.

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Study Notes

Internationalism

  • Belief that global community shares responsibility for global challenges
  • National motives are important in solutions

Motivations for Internationalism

  • Economic stability
  • Self-determination
  • Peace and security
  • Humanitarianism

Strategies for International Relations

  • Isolationism: A policy of avoiding world affairs.
  • Unilateralism: Acting independently of other countries
  • Bilateralism: Agreements between two countries
  • Multilateralism: Cooperation among multiple countries
  • Supranationalism: Adherence to decisions made by international organizations (sacrifice of some national sovereignty)

Protectionism

  • Government policies restricting foreign trade to benefit domestic businesses
  • Includes tariffs on foreign goods

Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)

  • Independent countries working together
  • Examples: UN, WTO

Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)

  • Private charities not connected to any government
  • Examples: WWF, Greenpeace, Doctors Without Borders

The United Nations (UN)

  • International organization formed after WWII to promote international cooperation and maintain peace
  • 193 member states
  • Main goals:
    • Maintain international peace and security
    • Promote human rights
    • Foster social and economic development
    • Protect the environment
  • UN agencies include World Bank and WHO

The European Union (EU)

  • European supranational organization formed in 1991
  • Aims to promote peace, security, and justice
  • Largest free trade zone globally
  • Challenges include:
    • National currencies (not all adopt the euro)
    • Constitutional adoption (some resistance)

Humanitarian Motivation

  • International concern for global problems, often due to potential spread within nations/regions
  • Example: Refugees

The UN Security Council

  • UN's most powerful decision-making body
  • Charter requires members to have forces available for the Security Council

Peacekeeping Missions

  • Sent to conflict zones after ceasefires
  • Role: Set buffers, observe, report
  • Guidelines:
    • Respect host country sovereignty (consent)
    • Be impartial
    • Use force only for self-defense

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