International Relations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a state to be considered a primary actor in international relations?

  • Recognition from other states
  • Permanent population
  • Monarchy as a government (correct)
  • Defined territory

    • Non-state actors are not involved in international relations.

    False

    What are the two main categories of actors in international relations?

    State actors and non-state actors

    IGOs are created by __________ to pursue cooperative objectives.

    <p>nation-states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of organization with its description.

    <p>UN = An intergovernmental organization that promotes international cooperation NGO = A non-governmental organization working on various international issues NATO = A military alliance among member states for collective defense IMF = An intergovernmental organization that aims to foster global monetary cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about non-state actors is true?

    <p>Non-state actors can challenge the influence of state actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The influence of non-state actors has remained consistently low since World War II.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of a non-governmental organization (NGO).

    <p>Amnesty International</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is HARD POWER characterized by?

    <p>Coercion and payment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary resources of soft power include culture, political values, and foreign policies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Neo-Liberal Institutionalism?

    <p>Building institutions to facilitate cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bourgeoisie owns the means of __________.

    <p>production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of Liberalism and Neo-Liberal Institutionalism:

    <p>Actors = States and social actors Conflict = Possible but not inevitable Level of analysis = State level Interaction = Cooperation on mutual concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept characterizes the Marxist view of class?

    <p>Class conflict drives international relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Collective security means that states act individually to maintain peace.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who argued for the establishment of international organizations to regulate international anarchy?

    <p>Woodrow Wilson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marx believed that __________ would eventually lead to a revolution.

    <p>capitalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key advantage of international institutions according to Neo-Liberal Institutionalism?

    <p>They enhance cooperation and reduce uncertainty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marxism views religion as a tool for liberation and empowerment.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Karl Marx, what forms the foundation of class consciousness?

    <p>Relations to the means of production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ refers to the system of trade relations and diplomatic interactions among states.

    <p>international system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of Marxism with their definitions:

    <p>Bourgeoisie = Owners of the means of production Proletariat = Workers providing wage-labor Communist Manifesto = Political pamphlet outlining Marxist theory Historical materialism = Theory of socio-economic development based on material conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern of states in Neo-realism?

    <p>Survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bandwagoning refers to forming alliances against a rising power.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the key actors in international relations according to Neo-realism?

    <p>States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Neo-realism, the international system lacks a central authority, defined as ______.

    <p>anarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following theories with their primary focus:

    <p>Neo-realism = Security and power dynamics Liberalism = Cooperation and institutional reform Neoliberalism = Complex interdependence Constructivism = Social constructions and identities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)?

    <p>Rulemaking and info gathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the security dilemma illustrate?

    <p>The challenges in achieving cooperation due to mutual distrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Realists believe that cooperation is impossible due to the self-interested nature of states.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are independent of government control.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Kantian Triangle in the context of liberalism?

    <p>Democracy, international law, and economic interdependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of Multinational Corporations (MNCs)?

    <p>Profit maximization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The international system is characterized by ________, meaning there is no overarching authority.

    <p>anarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Realists argue that states act primarily in their own ______.

    <p>self-interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a notable contributor to liberal thought?

    <p>Kant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Balancing = Counteracting the power of dominant states Bandwagoning = Allying with a more powerful state National Interest = Pursuit of power for state security Anarchy = Lack of overarching authority in the international system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scholar is associated with the development of Neo-Realism?

    <p>Kenneth Waltz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberalism emphasizes state cooperation and complex interdependence.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MNCs have the ability to control large financial resources and influence foreign policy.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of hard power?

    <p>The ability to influence others through coercion or force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one major function of NGOs.

    <p>Promote interest of the poor, Provide basis social services, Advocate community development, Protect the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under liberalism, the international system is characterized as ______.

    <p>anarchic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the theorists with their associated theories:

    <p>Montesquieu = Liberalism Keohane = Neoliberalism Machiavelli = Realism Kant = Idealism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Realists focus primarily on states as the _______ actors in international politics.

    <p>primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts of Realism with their descriptions:

    <p>State-Centric View = States view as unitary entities that act rationally Security Dilemma = Concerns over relative gains leading to arms build-up Anarchy = Absence of a central authority Power = Primary interest of states to protect themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of foreign aid is estimated to go through NGOs?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Power and security are considered minor interests within the framework of Realism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the biggest Multinational Corporations (MNCs) primarily based?

    <p>USA, Europe, and Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ corporations are major drivers of global economic integration.

    <p>Multinational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main victims of terrorism?

    <p>Civilians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The USA PATRIOT Act was designed to enhance civil liberties in the United States.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one effect of climate change observed in recent years.

    <p>Arctic ice melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ Climate Agreement aims to keep global temperature rise below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

    <p>Paris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following legislative initiatives with their year of enactment:

    <p>USA PATRIOT Act = 2001 Sarbanes-Oxley Act = 2002 Homeland Security Act = 2002</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following events is often amplified by media coverage?

    <p>Terrorist attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyberterrorism involves the use of technology for planning and executing attacks.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one approach to mitigate climate change?

    <p>Reduce greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of constructivism in international relations?

    <p>Historical, cultural, and social contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to constructivists, anarchy is an inherent state of affairs in international relations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bioterrorism uses _______ agents to cause harm.

    <p>biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do constructivists believe shapes identities and interests in international relations?

    <p>Social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a vulnerability factor for poor countries affected by climate change?

    <p>Strong institutional capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In constructivism, ___ is defined as a standard for appropriate behavior within a specific identity.

    <p>norm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their corresponding definitions:

    <p>Bourgeois = Capitalist class that exploits labor Proletariat = Working class that is exploited Chemical Weapons = Morally unacceptable and increase global insecurity Human Security = Security that includes individuals rather than just states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are considered non-traditional security challenges?

    <p>Climate change and migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Constructivism inherently suggests cooperative behavior among states.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of states may lack a coherent national identity according to constructivism?

    <p>States with ethnic fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Capitalism could die if it does not grow or reform, as this suggests a need for ___ struggle.

    <p>class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following revolutions to their countries:

    <p>Communist Revolution = China Bolshevik Revolution = Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do constructivists analyze in order to understand how meanings are constructed?

    <p>Language and discourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The state is considered a natural entity rather than a human invention in constructivism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the core assumptions related to identities and interests in constructivism?

    <p>Mutual constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violent Non-State Actors (VNSAs) emerge when states lack ___ and ___ among others.

    <p>legitimacy, authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following definitions to their respective terms in international security:

    <p>Traditional Security = Focus on military threats and power balancing Non-Traditional Security = Focus on human security beyond military threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of VNSAs?

    <p>Democracies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Democratic Peace Theory suggests that democracies rarely go to war with each other.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary characteristics of the economic interdependence concept in DPT?

    <p>Economic ties between democracies reduce incentives for conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of __________ suggests that democracies share common values that reduce the likelihood of conflict.

    <p>Shared Values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following definitions of terrorism with their respective sources:

    <p>U.S. House of Representatives = Illegitimate, premeditated violence to coerce a government State Department = Politically motivated violence against noncombatants FBI = Unlawful use of force to intimidate or coerce DOD = Calculated use of violence to instill fear for political goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge posed by Democratic Peace Theory?

    <p>Definitional problems regarding democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All democratically elected leaders always act in accordance with democratic principles.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does public restraint play in DPT?

    <p>Democratic publics are less likely to support wars unless in self-defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Terrorism is often described as __________ motivated violence targeting civilians.

    <p>politically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of terrorism is characterized by activities conducted within a country's own borders without foreign direction?

    <p>Domestic terrorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lack of a common definition of terrorism complicates international cooperation against it.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant issue with the definitions of terrorism provided by various agencies?

    <p>They provide vague ideas but lack precise, concrete explanations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___________ explain why democratic leaders are less likely to take their nations to war hastily.

    <p>Institutional checks and balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of terrorist is primarily driven by political ideology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Actors in International Relations

    • International relations involve states, groups of states, and individuals.
    • Actors are entities impacting international relations (e.g., states, NGOs, IGOs, MNCs).
    • State actors include states, which have defined territories, permanent populations, governments capable of international relations, and international recognition.
    • Non-state actors (transnational actors) operate across borders.
    • International governmental organizations (IGOs) are created by states to cooperate on shared interests. (e.g., UN, EU, NATO, IMF).
    • Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are transnational, non-profit groups promoting specific interests and advocating for change. (e.g., numerous NGOs worldwide).
    • Multinational corporations (MNCs) are large firms with operations in multiple countries. They are a major force in global economics and influence foreign policy. (e.g., GM, Exxon).

    Realism and Neo-Realism

    • Realism views states as the primary actors pursuing national interests (security, power).
    • The international system is anarchic, lacking a central authority, resulting in self-help.
    • Power is crucial; states strive for relative gains, leading to security dilemmas.
    • Neo-realism (structural realism) focuses on the international system's structure (unipolarity, bipolarity, multipolarity) rather than individual states.

    Liberalism and Neo-Liberalism

    • Liberal thought emphasizes cooperation, institutional reform, and collective action.
    • Liberalism assumes rational individuals, free trade, and minimal government intervention.
    • Neo-liberalism, a response to frequent state cooperation, accepts realist assumptions about rational actors but emphasizes cooperation facilitated by institutions, emphasizing absolute gains.
    • Complex interdependence connects states through various channels (economic, social) instead of just military interaction.
    • International institutions promote cooperation by reducing uncertainty and transaction costs. (e.g., EU, NAFTA).

    Marxism

    • Marxism centers on class conflict, viewing the international system as one where class, relationships to means of production, and class consciousness shape relations between states.
    • Capitalism, according to Marxists, is a predatory system leading to exploitation and needing a revolution for change, unlike the equilibrium sought by liberalism.

    Constructivism

    • Constructivism, a newer theory, focuses on identities, social norms, and historical contexts to understand state behavior.
    • Identities and interests are mutually constituted as opposed to stemming from material interests alone.
    • The international system's structure and actors are socially/culturally constructed.
    • Shared perceptions, ideas, and norms, not just material factors, influence a state's behavior in the international system.

    International Security

    • International security involves policies and measures for mutual survival and safety across nations, involving military actions and diplomatic agreements.
    • Traditional security is state-centric and military-focused, while non-traditional security encompasses non-military threats (e.g., human security).
    • Violent non-state actors (VNSAs) rise in unstable states lacking legitimacy or public goods.
    • Democratic peace theory argues democracies are peaceful with each other due to shared values, mechanisms, and institutions. However, this theory is challenged by the difficulty of defining democracies and the existence of exceptions to the rule.

    Terrorism

    • Terrorism involves politically motivated violence aimed to instill fear and coerce governments or populations.
    • Defining terrorism globally remains a challenge due to different interpretations by various states and scholars.
    • Political factors and the lack of a consensus make anti-terrorism policies complex and challenged.
    • Modern terrorism's nature, perpetrators, and impact are varied and require multifaceted strategies for response and prevention.

    Climate Change

    • Climate change is a long-term shift in global weather patterns and temperatures, driven by rising atmospheric CO2 and observable impacts.
    • Climate change impacts health, security by exacerbating existing stresses, and social cohesion affecting global economies.
    • The Paris Climate Agreement aims to limit global temperature rise below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, requiring significant global action and financial and technical support for developing nations.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of international relations, including key actors, theories, and values. Explore the roles of state and non-state actors, as well as the differences between hard and soft power. This quiz will challenge your understanding of Liberalism, Neo-Liberal Institutionalism, and Marxist perspectives.

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