24 Questions
What is the purpose of having a legal system for governing international agreements?
To facilitate the proper functioning of society
Which convention primarily governs the law of treaties between States and International Organizations?
1986 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
What role do full powers play in the context of treaty conclusion?
They confirm the competence of representatives
Which organization was responsible for preparing the draft articles of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?
International Law Commission (ILC)
Why is it significant that not all representatives of a state are considered competent to conclude treaties?
To ensure that only qualified representatives engage in treaty-making
What distinguishes the 1986 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between International Organizations from the 1969 VCLT?
Scope of application
Which state representatives are allowed to perform all acts related to the conclusion of a treaty without presenting full powers?
Heads of state, heads of government, and ministers for foreign affairs
According to Article 34 of the VCLT, what is required for a state to become legally bound by a treaty?
Consent
Which principle constitutes an essential part of general international law and requires that treaties must be performed by the parties in good faith?
Pacta sunt servanda
What is the purpose of ratification according to Article 14 of the VCLT?
To allow a period of time before giving binding consent
Under what circumstances does Article 15 of the VCLT permit consent by accession?
If all parties agree that a state may express consent that way
Which grounds for invalidity are mentioned in Article 46 of the VCLT?
Conflict with fundamental domestic law
What is required if a representative signs a treaty subject to ratification according to Article 14 of the VCLT?
'Full powers' as expressed during negotiation
Which article of the VCLT outlines various means through which a state can express its consent to be bound by a treaty?
Article 11
'Accession' as a means of expressing consent to be bound by a treaty requires what condition according to the text?
'If it is agreed upon by all parties'
'Signature' as a means of expressing consent to be bound by a treaty is also known as what according to Article 12?
Definitive signature
Under what circumstances can a state invoke fraud as invalidating consent to a treaty?
If the state was misled or induced to conclude the treaty
In the context of treaties, what is the purpose of interpretative declarations?
To clarify the meaning or scope of treaty obligations
Which article of the VCLT specifies that a reservation to a treaty cannot be made if it violates the object and purpose of the treaty?
Article 19
What is the main consequence if a state does not object to a proposed reservation within 12 months?
The reservation becomes valid immediately
Which summit addressed the 'Danish problem' regarding opt-outs to the 1992 Maastricht Treaty on EU establishment?
Edinburgh Summit
What does Article 56 of the VCLT specify about a state's ability to withdraw from a treaty?
A party must give at least 12 months' notice before withdrawing.
Under what conditions can a state withdraw from a treaty according to Article 56 of the VCLT?
If it is implied by the nature of the treaty
According to the VCLT, what happens if a reservation violates the object and purpose of a treaty?
'The reservation is considered useless and invalid.
Test your knowledge on the primary rules and principles in the area of the law of treaties, a fundamental aspect of international law governing agreements between states. Explore the significance of legal systems in international society for the proper functioning of agreements.
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