Podcast
Questions and Answers
When is it most appropriate to use internal CSS for styling a webpage?
When is it most appropriate to use internal CSS for styling a webpage?
- When the website requires styling that is consistent across all pages.
- When the website is built using a framework that mandates internal CSS.
- When applying styles that are universally applicable to all websites.
- When a single page needs a unique style, different from the rest of the site. (correct)
Which statement accurately describes the structure of a CSS ruleset?
Which statement accurately describes the structure of a CSS ruleset?
- A CSS ruleset is formed by a value and a declaration.
- A CSS ruleset includes a selector and a declaration block. (correct)
- A CSS ruleset is composed of a selector and a property.
- A CSS ruleset consists of only a declaration block.
What is the primary purpose of CSS selectors?
What is the primary purpose of CSS selectors?
- To manage the interactive behavior of a webpage.
- To animate HTML elements on a webpage.
- To define the structure of an HTML document.
- To apply styles to specific HTML elements. (correct)
What distinguishes the ID selector from the class selector in CSS?
What distinguishes the ID selector from the class selector in CSS?
Which of the following correctly implements a class selector in CSS?
Which of the following correctly implements a class selector in CSS?
Under what circumstance would grouping selectors be most beneficial?
Under what circumstance would grouping selectors be most beneficial?
What is the primary purpose of CSS comments?
What is the primary purpose of CSS comments?
How does the CSS margin property affect an HTML element?
How does the CSS margin property affect an HTML element?
What is the function of the CSS display property?
What is the function of the CSS display property?
How do the CSS height and width properties influence the sizing of an element?
How do the CSS height and width properties influence the sizing of an element?
Flashcards
Internal CSS
Internal CSS
CSS that is used if one single page has a unique style. Defined within the <style> tags, inside the
section of an HTML page.
CSS Selectors
CSS Selectors
Locate HTML elements by specifying their element name, id, class or attribute.
Element Selector
Element Selector
Selects elements based on the element name.
ID Selector
ID Selector
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Class Selector
Class Selector
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Universal Selector (*)
Universal Selector (*)
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Grouping Selectors
Grouping Selectors
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CSS Margin Property
CSS Margin Property
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CSS Padding Property
CSS Padding Property
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CSS Position Property
CSS Position Property
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Study Notes
Internal CSS
- Internal CSS is best for pages with unique styles.
- Internal CSS is defined within
<style>tags inside the<head>section of an HTML page. - A CSS ruleset should be followed when using Internal CSS.
- A CSS ruleset consists of a selector and a declaration block
- The selector points to the HTML element to style.
- The declaration block contains declarations separated by semicolons.
- A CSS declaration always ends with a semicolon.
- Declaration blocks are surrounded by curly braces.
CSS Selectors
- CSS Selectors locate HTML elements by specifying their element name, id, class, or attribute.
Element Selectors
- The element selector selects elements based on the element name.
ID Selector
- The
idselector uses theidattribute of an HTML element to select a specific element. - The
idof an element should be unique within a page. - The
idselector is used to select one unique element. - To select an element with a specific
id, write a hash character (#), followed by the element'sid. - An
idname cannot start with a number.
Class Selector
- The class selector selects elements with a specific class attribute.
- To select elements with a specific class, write a period (.) character, followed by the class's name.
- A class name cannot start with a number.
- HTML elements can refer to more than one class.
CSS Universal Selector
- The universal selector (*) selects all HTML elements on the page.
Grouping Selectors
- Grouping selectors are ideal for elements with the same style definitions.
- Grouping selectors help minimize code length.
- To group selectors, separate each selector with a comma.
CSS Comments
- Comments explain code and assist in future editing.
- Comments are ignored by browsers.
- CSS comments aren't displayed but document source code.
- Comments are placed inside the
<style>element, starting with/*and ending with*/.
Laboratory Exercise 9
- Task I: Setting Up the Document
- Open "Laboratory7.html".
- Save content to a new file named "Laboratory9.html".
- Change the title to “Laboratory Exercise 9".
- Save and open the file in a web browser to view the initial structure.
- Task II: Adding style using Inline CSS
- Edit “Laboratory9.html" to add internal style.
- Transfer all inline styles to internal CSS using element selectors.
CSS margin PROPERTY
- CSS
marginproperties create space around elements, outside any defined borders. - CSS offers full control over margins.
- Properties to set the margin for each side of an element include:
margin-topmargin-rightmargin-bottommargin-left
margin PROPERTY VALUES
auto: The browser calculates the margin.length: Specifies a margin in px, pt, cm, etc.%: Specifies a margin as a percentage of the containing element's width.inherit: Specifies the margin should be inherited from the parent element.
CSS display PROPERTY
- The
displayproperty specifies how an element is shown on a web page. - Every HTML element has a default display value, either block or inline.
- The
displayproperty changes the default display behavior of HTML elements.
CSS padding PROPERTY
- The CSS
paddingproperties generate space around contents, inside borders. - CSS grants full control over padding.
- Properties for setting padding on each side include:
padding-toppadding-rightpadding-bottompadding-left
CSS width and height PROPERTY
- The
heightandwidthproperties set the height and width of an element. - They do not include padding, borders, or margins but adjust the content area inside these.
width and height PROPERTY VALUES
auto: The browser calculates the height and width (default).length: Defines the height/width in px, cm, etc.%: Defines the height/width as a percentage of the containing block.initial: Sets the height/width to its default value.inherit: The height/width will be inherited from its parent value.
CSS position PROPERTY
- The
positionproperty specifies the type of positioning method used for an element. - Positioning types include:
staticrelativefixedabsolutesticky
position: static Value
- An element with
position: staticis not positioned specially; it follows the natural flow of the page.
position: relative Value
- An element with
position: relativeis placed relative to its normal position. - Adjustments using top, right, bottom, or left properties move it from its normal spot.
position: fixed Value
- An element with
position: fixedis positioned relative to the viewport. - It stays in the same place even when the page is scrolled.
- Top, right, bottom, and left properties position a fixed element.
position: absolute Value
- An element with
position: absoluteis positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor. - If no positioned ancestor is found, it uses the document body.
- Absolute positioned elements are removed from the normal flow and can overlap other content.
position: sticky Value
- An element with
position: stickyis positioned based on the user's scroll position. - It toggles between relative and fixed based on the scroll offset.
Laboratory Exercise 10
- Task I: Setting Up the Document
- Open "Laboratory5.html".
- Save the content to a new file named "Laboratory10.html".
- Change the title to “Laboratory Exercise 10".
- Save and open the file in a web browser to view the initial structure.
- Task II: Adding style using Inline CSS
- Apply the following styles to the HTML content using Internal CSS:
- Add bullets or numbering styles using
list-style-type. - Indent nested lists.
- Make the terms in the definition list stand out by using a style of your choice.
- Add bullets or numbering styles using
- Apply the following styles to the HTML content using Internal CSS:
Laboratory Exercise II: Enhancing Personal Website with Internal CSS
- Open the existing personal website project in a preferred text editor.
- Identify the main HTML file (usually
index.html) to apply the internal CSS. - Create a
<style>section within the<head>to define internal CSS. - Apply various CSS properties to enhance website appearance, focusing on elements like the header, navigation, main content, and footer.
- Save changes and view the updated website in a browser.
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