Internal Combustion Engine Components Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does a higher power-to-weight ratio in engines typically lead to?

Improved combustion efficiency

Reduced lubrication needs

Lower engine temperature

Increased speeds and higher temperatures (correct)

What is one method of providing pressure lubrication for crank bearings?

Employing direct lubrication from a pump (correct)

Using a gravity-fed system

Relying on oil vapor distribution

Implementing a manual oiling procedure

Which of the following parameters is NOT controlled by engine control systems?

Engine speed

Combustion temperature

Ambient weather conditions (correct)

Pollution levels

What is the term for modern engine control systems that are often digital?

Full Authority Digital Electronic Control (FADEC) Signup and view all the answers

What issue do control systems help to prevent in engines?

Self-damage due to pre-ignition Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as a power stroke in a four-stroke engine?

The downward stroke following ignition. Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a two-stroke engine from a four-stroke engine in terms of parts?

Two-stroke engines may have ports instead of valves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the valves in a four-stroke internal combustion engine?

They regulate the intake and exhaust of gases. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of engine utilizes a triangular rotor in its design?

Wankel engine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of control valves in continuous combustion engines?

To regulate airflow and fuel mixture during startup and shutdown. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the exhaust system important in internal combustion engines?

It is designed to manage the noise produced by the engine. Signup and view all the answers

What primarily enables valves in piston engines to open and close?

Rods running on a rotating camshaft. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of engine strokes, what does the term 'stroke' refer to?

The upward or downward motion of the piston. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of exhaust heat management systems?

To prevent heat damage to sensitive components Signup and view all the answers

Which cooling method uses the fuel to cool the engine parts directly?

Regenerative cooling Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a piston in a reciprocating engine?

To transfer force from gas expansion to the crankshaft Signup and view all the answers

What role does the flywheel play in an internal combustion engine?

It stores rotational energy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common starting method for large jet engines?

Compressed air motor Signup and view all the answers

Which material is most commonly used in modern heat shielding for automobiles?

Aluminium Signup and view all the answers

What happens if lubrication in an internal combustion engine is insufficient?

Metal-to-metal contact and rapid wear Signup and view all the answers

How do high-velocity nozzles contribute to the function of jet engines?

They generate thrust and control exhaust flow Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of ablative cooling used in rocket engines?

Erodes insulation gradually in a controlled manner Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the crankshaft in internal combustion engines?

To convert linear motion to rotational motion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lubrication system involves oil mixed into fuel?

Two-stroke engine lubrication Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of heat shielding systems?

Controlling fuel pressure Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if big end bearings seize up in an engine?

A connecting rod may break and puncture the crankcase Signup and view all the answers

In which engine system is a propelling nozzle primarily found?

Jet engines Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of starter systems in internal combustion engines?

To start the engine Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Internal Combustion Engine Components and Systems

Four-stroke engines use pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts, camshafts, valves, cylinders, spark plugs, and crankpins. Two-stroke engines use piston-actuated ports for fuel and exhaust instead of valves.
The Wankel engine has a triangular rotor moving in an epitrochoidal chamber around an eccentric shaft. Operation cycles occur in a variable-volume chamber.
Valves control the airflow into and out of the combustion chamber. Inlet valves allow fuel/air in, and outlet valves expel exhaust gas. Valve springs and camshafts regulate opening and closing.
Exhaust systems manage combustion gas removal. They often include devices to control noise and chemical pollutants. Jet engine exhausts form a high-velocity nozzle for thrust generation.

Engine Cooling Systems

Combustion generates significant heat. Excessive engine temperature risks physical failure or lubricant degradation.
Engine cooling uses air or liquid (often water). Radiative cooling is used in some high-temperature engines, while ablative or regenerative cooling techniques are employed in rockets.

Engine Propulsion and Crankshafts

Pistons transfer expanding gas force to the crankshaft via a rod. They also function as valves, regulating ports in two-stroke engines.
Propelling nozzles are present in jet engine forms of combustion engines. Expanding and cooling the exhaust generates thrust, increasing engine pressure as well.
Crankshafts convert linear piston motion into rotational motion, crucial for most reciprocating internal combustion engines.

Engine Accessories

Flywheels store rotational energy, smoothing power delivery and assisting with idle speed control. They also aid in balance and provide a mounting point for starter systems, clutches and torque converters.
Starter systems enable engine initiation; piston engines use battery-powered starter motors, while larger engines are started by compressed air or pull cords.
Heat shielding systems prevent damage to engine components by heat. Different materials, from simple steel to ceramic, are used for various performance demands.
Lubrication systems ensure smooth operation by reducing friction/wear and heat build-up. Simple two-stroke motors use oil-fuel mixtures. More complex engines use pressure lubrication systems.

Engine Control and Diagnostics

Engine control units (ECU) regulate parameters like power, speed, torque, and pollution, and prevent self-damage during operation.
Many modern ECUs use digital FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) systems.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the crucial components and systems of internal combustion engines. This quiz covers four-stroke and two-stroke engines, as well as the Wankel engine and cooling systems. Understand how various parts work together to ensure optimal engine performance.