Intermolecular Forces Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How many hydrogen bond donor and acceptor sites are present in the amino acid serine?

  • 1 donor and 2 acceptors (correct)
  • 2 donors and 1 acceptor
  • 1 donor and 1 acceptor
  • 2 donors and 2 acceptors
  • Which property explains why the boiling point of methyl fluoride, CH3F, is higher than that of methane, CH4?

  • Methyl fluoride is more polar than methane.
  • Methyl fluoride has stronger London dispersion forces.
  • Methyl fluoride participates in hydrogen bonding. (correct)
  • Methane has a larger surface area for van der Waals forces.
  • Which of the following compounds is expected to be more soluble in CCl4?

  • CS2 due to its similar nonpolar character (correct)
  • KOH because it forms hydrogen bonds
  • CS2 because it has a smaller molecular weight
  • KOH due to its strong ionic nature
  • What is the primary reason that solutes are soluble in solvents with compatible IMAFs?

    <p>The ability to form similar inter molecular interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influence do IMAFs have on the properties of liquids during phase change?

    <p>They impact the viscosity and boiling point of the liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Intermolecular Attractive Forces (IMAFs)

    • IMAFs are forces between molecules.
    • They increase in strength in the following order; London Dispersion Forces (LDFs), Dipole-Dipole (DD), Hydrogen Bonding (HB), Ion-Dipole (ID).
    • LDFs arise from temporary dipoles formed from electron movement.
    • Polarizability is the ease of distortion of an electron cloud.
    • Higher polarizability correlates with stronger LDFs. Larger molecules and higher molecular weight often have stronger LDFs.
    • DD arises between polar molecules that have a permanent dipole moment; the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another.
    • HB occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.
    • The hydrogen atom acts as a hydrogen bond donor while the element it is bonded to acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor.
    • ID arises in mixtures of ionic compounds dissolved in polar solvents.
    • The positive end of the polar solvent is attracted to the negative ion and vice versa.

    London Dispersion Forces (LDFs)

    • Occur in all molecules.
    • Induced/temporary dipoles due to electron movement in the electron cloud.
    • Polarizability relates to electron cloud distortion easiness, influencing LDF strength.
    • Stronger LDFs with more polarizable molecules.

    Dipole-Dipole Interactions (DD)

    • Exist only in polar molecules with permanent dipoles.
    • Molecules align so opposite partial charges attract.

    Hydrogen Bonding (HB)

    • Strong intermolecular force due to hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative elements like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.
    • HB donor is the hydrogen atom, and the elements are HB acceptors.
    • Stronger compared to LDF or DD.

    Ion-Dipole Interactions (ID)

    • Occurs between ionic and polar substances.
    • The more polar the solvent, the stronger the attraction.

    Phase Changes

    • Condensation is gas changing to liquid.
    • Vaporization is liquid changing to gas.
    • Freezing is liquid to solid.
    • Melting is solid to liquid.
    • Sublimation is solids directly to gas and vice versa.
    • Deposition

    Phase Diagrams

    • Show conditions of temperature and pressure where phases exist.
    • Water and Carbon Dioxide have different phase diagrams due to different intermolecular forces.

    Properties of Liquids

    • Viscosity is the resistance to flow.
    • Stronger IMAFs result in higher viscosity.
    • Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by vapor above the liquid.
    • Stronger IMAFs result in lower vapor pressure.
    • More volatile liquids have higher vapor pressure.

    Solubility

    • Like dissolves like.
    • Polar solvents dissolve polar or ionic solutes.
    • Nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.

    Boiling Point

    • Methyl fluoride has a higher boiling point than methane due to its polarity and stronger dipole-dipole interactions.
    • Being polar contributes to stronger interactions than the weaker LDF forces in methane.

    Number of HB donor and acceptor sites in an amino acid.

    • Example, serine.
    • HB donor sites in serine = 5
    • HB acceptor sites in serine = 6

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    Related Documents

    IMAFs in Chemistry PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of Intermolecular Attractive Forces (IMAFs) in this quiz. Learn about the different types of forces including London Dispersion Forces, Dipole-Dipole interactions, Hydrogen Bonding, and Ion-Dipole interactions. Assess your knowledge on how molecular properties influence these forces.

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