Interference in Waves and XRD Instrument Components

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What is the primary purpose of XRD technique?

Identify unknown organic compounds

Detect defects in biological molecules

Measure film thickness

Determine the crystallographic structure of a material (correct)

Which type of radiation is used in XRD technique?

X-rays (correct)

Gamma rays

Ultraviolet rays

Infrared rays

What does XRD measure to determine the crystallographic structure of a material?

Wavelength of X-rays

Intensity and scattering angles of visible light

Color changes in the material

Intensity and scattering angles of X-rays (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a structural property that can be determined using XRD?

Color of the material Signup and view all the answers

In what field is XRD widely used for identifying unknown crystalline materials?

Materials science and engineering Signup and view all the answers

What role does XRD play in studying biological molecules?

Studying structure and function of biological molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between incident angle and diffracted angle in a typical XRD instrument?

The incident angle is half of the diffracted angle Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a XRD instrument is responsible for holding and moving the sample?

Goniometer Signup and view all the answers

What causes constructive interference in waves?

Waves having a path difference of multiples of n*λ Signup and view all the answers

What type of interference results in reduced amplitude of the resultant wave?

Destructive interference Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of incident-beam optics in a XRD instrument?

To condition the X-ray beam before it hits the sample Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of SiO2 produces a broad pattern in XRD?

Amorphous glass Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the Scherrer equation?

To quantify the average crystallite size of nanoparticles Signup and view all the answers

What does the shape factor (K) in the Scherrer equation represent?

The actual shape of the crystallite Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not contribute to the calculation of the average crystallite size using the Scherrer equation?

The density of the nanoparticle Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what creates broadening of diffraction peaks in XRD patterns?

Crystallites smaller than ~120 nm Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical value of the shape factor (K) in the Scherrer equation?

0.9 Signup and view all the answers

What does β represent in the Scherrer equation?

The line broadening at half the maximum intensity (FWHM) Signup and view all the answers