30 Questions
What is a key characteristic of modern software-intensive systems?
Increased number of internal interactions
How do the increased interactions in modern software-intensive systems affect the system's complexity?
Greatly increases the complexity of integration
What were the interactions more visible and involved in, in the past?
Mechanical/electrical components
What form do the interactions take in modern software-intensive systems?
Via multiple computer modules communicating commands, messages, and data
How many computer modules can be connected in modern automobiles?
More than 150 computer modules
What is a key factor contributing to the complexity of assessing the behavior of integrated systems in modern software-intensive systems?
Increased number of interactions
What is the primary focus of Interface Management in life cycle processes?
Identifying and defining interfaces between systems and external entities
During which process are major interface boundaries between the System of Interest (SoI) and external systems identified?
Preliminary life cycle concept definition activities
What is the purpose of performing analysis through the System Analysis process in interface management?
To understand the trade space with respect to interface requirements and definition
Which activity is crucial when dealing with supplier-developed system elements in interface management?
Clear communication and agreement on interface management activities
What is the role of System Requirements Definition process in interface management?
Defining interface requirements
When are additional interface boundaries and interactions identified and defined in the context of interface management?
When needed
What type of diagrams can be used to characterize information flow and define interface interactions in system architecture?
Functional Flow Block Diagrams and N-squared diagrams
What is the primary purpose of coupling matrices in system architecture?
To define aggregates and the order of integration
Which framework provides dimensions for perspectives and aspects in system architecture?
Unified Architecture Method (UAM)
What is the key focus of architecture enablement frameworks like PEAF and GERAM?
Establishing and maintaining capabilities, services, and resources
What is the importance of simplicity in interfaces in the context of system architecture?
To keep interfaces as simple as possible for selection between alternate architectural candidates
What is the primary purpose of N2 diagrams in system architecture?
To characterize information flow and define interface interactions
What is the purpose of N2 diagrams in interface analysis?
To identify conflicts between elements for efficient systems integration
Which technique can be used to create a systematic approach to identifying interface boundaries and interactions?
Functional flow block diagrams
What is the main difference between the N2 diagram and the Design Structure Matrix (DSM)?
N2 diagram uses a bidirectional, fixed framework while DSM uses counterclockwise interaction flow
What is the significance of interface analysis in system development?
It identifies interface boundaries and interactions to ensure consistency and manage risks
How are interactions represented in N2 diagrams?
Interactions flow in a clockwise direction, and blank squares indicate no interaction
Which technique can be used for interface analysis to manage risks associated with interface boundaries?
Failure modes and effects analysis
What is the purpose of architecture evaluation?
To determine the extent to which architectures meet objectives, stakeholder concerns, and requirements
What does architecture capability encompass?
Skills and governance logic
Which framework is used for architecture evaluation in three steps: defining objectives, development of evaluation method, and analysis of architecture concepts and properties?
ATAM
In architecture management, what is accomplished through Architecture Conceptualization and Architecture Elaboration?
Architecture description
What must be considered during architecting according to the text?
Multiple entities with interrelated life cycles
What is the purpose of enterprise and product architecture frameworks as per Sowa and Zachman (1992)?
To ensure consistency with enterprise strategy
Study Notes
- Architecture implementation in IT and defense domains uses frameworks like TOGAF, NAF, and DoDAF
- Implementation includes metamodel development, architecture development methods, standards library, architecture repository and registry, and architecture capability
- Architecture capability includes skills and governance logic
- Enterprise and product architecture frameworks established to ensure consistency with enterprise strategy (Sowa and Zachman, 1992)
- Multiple entities with interrelated life cycles must be considered during architecting
- Architecture management implements governance directives and manages architecture description
- Architecture description accomplished through Architecture Conceptualization and Architecture Elaboration (ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 and 42020)
- Architecture evaluation determines extent to which architectures meet objectives, stakeholder concerns, and requirements (ISO/IEC/IEEE 42030)
- Architecture evaluation frameworks like Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) and Method Framework for Engineering System Architectures (MFESA) allow performing evaluation in three steps: defining objectives, development of evaluation method, and analysis of architecture concepts and properties.
Learn about the key activities and functions involved in interface management as part of the Project Planning process. This includes facilitating cooperation, defining roles, enabling communication, establishing timing, problem resolution, and agreeing on interaction characteristics across interface boundaries.
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