Questions and Answers
What is an Economic Interest Group?
What is a Public Interest Group?
A group that benefits people beyond their membership.
What distinguishes Institutional Interest Groups?
Define a Single Interest Group.
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Lobbying restrictions include a ban on gifts over $100.
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What is the Revolving Door in politics?
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What does Saliency refer to?
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What is Latency in political terms?
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Define Stability/Intensity in the context of political issues.
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What is Political Ideology?
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What is Political Socialization?
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What does the term Liberal refer to in modern political terms?
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Define Internal Efficacy.
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What is External Efficacy?
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Describe the History of Media in politics.
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Media commentary often carries a bias.
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What is Selective Exposure?
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Define Selective Perception.
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What does Audience Fragmentation mean?
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The Equal Time/Fairness Doctrine requires equal ad time for politicians.
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Study Notes
Economic Interest Groups
- Represent large businesses, labor unions, and entire industries.
- Examples: U.S. Chamber of Commerce, National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), International Brotherhood of Teamsters.
- Trade associations like the American Public Power Association (APPA) represent specific sectors.
Public Interest Groups
- Comprise individuals working towards benefits for society beyond group members.
- Focus on broad issues such as environmental protection, human rights, and consumer rights.
Institutional Interest Groups
- Represent other organizations; can include businesses, governments, and universities.
- Examples: Ford Motor Company, National League of Cities, and the U.S. Conference of Mayors pushing for their causes in Washington.
Single Interest Groups
- Center activities on a narrowly defined issue.
- May or may not economically benefit members depending on the issue.
Lobbying Restrictions
- House imposes a flat ban on gifts, while the Senate restricts gifts to under $100 annually.
- Additional perks such as dinners, trips, and golf outings are also banned.
Revolving Door
- Describes the employment pattern of individuals moving from regulatory agencies to interest groups or businesses addressing similar policies.
Saliency
- Refers to the importance of an issue to individuals or groups, for example, social security holds high salience for senior citizens.
Latency
- Political opinions that are not yet expressed but hold significance for individuals.
Stability/Intensity
- Refers to a singular issue that is paramount to an individual.
Political Ideology
- Consistent beliefs regarding government policy.
Political Socialization
- The process through which individuals form their political beliefs, attitudes, and values.
Modern Political Terms
- Liberal: Support for extensive government involvement.
- Conservative: Advocacy for minimal government involvement.
- Libertarian: Preference for no government intervention.
- Socialist: Support for significant government control.
Internal Efficacy
- The belief in one's ability to understand and participate in political processes.
External Efficacy
- The perception that political participation will result in governmental responsiveness.
History of Media
- Transitioned from serving political parties to becoming a major business as exemplified by pioneers like Pulitzer and Hearst.
Liberal and Conservative Bias
- Generally, objective news coverage is less biased; however, bias tends to emerge during commentary segments.
Selective Exposure
- The tendency to consume media that aligns with personal preferences.
Selective Perception
- Awareness of media biases enables critical evaluation of consumed content.
Audience Fragmentation
- The proliferation of media channels leads to diminished retention of information.
Equal Time/Fairness Doctrine
- Requires media outlets to provide equal advertising time to political candidates during elections.
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Description
Explore the various types of interest groups that play a crucial role in the political landscape. This quiz covers economic, public, institutional, and single interest groups, along with their examples and influences. Test your knowledge on how these groups advocate for their specific causes and the broader implications for society.
