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Questions and Answers
What has contributed to the growth of intercultural communication in university departments?
What has contributed to the growth of intercultural communication in university departments?
Which scholar is cited as the second most-cited author in intercultural communication?
Which scholar is cited as the second most-cited author in intercultural communication?
What major cultural aspect was emphasized in the study of U.S./Japanese communication behavior?
What major cultural aspect was emphasized in the study of U.S./Japanese communication behavior?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as a reason for the extensive study of Japanese/American communication?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as a reason for the extensive study of Japanese/American communication?
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Who among the following had a personal life experience that influenced their research on intercultural communication?
Who among the following had a personal life experience that influenced their research on intercultural communication?
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What type of communication style is characterized by reliance on contextual cues?
What type of communication style is characterized by reliance on contextual cues?
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What was one of the first focuses of American and Japanese scholars studying intercultural communication?
What was one of the first focuses of American and Japanese scholars studying intercultural communication?
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Which of the following statements best describes Hall's impact on intercultural communication?
Which of the following statements best describes Hall's impact on intercultural communication?
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What was one reason intercultural communication became a sub-field of communication study instead of anthropology?
What was one reason intercultural communication became a sub-field of communication study instead of anthropology?
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During which years did Hall teach at the Illinois Institute of Technology?
During which years did Hall teach at the Illinois Institute of Technology?
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What aspects of communication did Hall primarily research during his academic career?
What aspects of communication did Hall primarily research during his academic career?
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What role did Ph.D. students play in the establishment of new fields of study according to the content?
What role did Ph.D. students play in the establishment of new fields of study according to the content?
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What hindered Hall from establishing academic followers in his field?
What hindered Hall from establishing academic followers in his field?
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What significant publication marked the early appearance of intercultural communication as part of communication study?
What significant publication marked the early appearance of intercultural communication as part of communication study?
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When did Hall retire from full-time university teaching?
When did Hall retire from full-time university teaching?
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What was Hall's perception of his role in establishing the field of intercultural communication?
What was Hall's perception of his role in establishing the field of intercultural communication?
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What does the Japanese 'vertical' sense of intercultural relations primarily signify?
What does the Japanese 'vertical' sense of intercultural relations primarily signify?
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Which theorists established a foundational paradigm for intercultural communication?
Which theorists established a foundational paradigm for intercultural communication?
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What year marked the beginning of scholarly attention to intercultural communication in Japan?
What year marked the beginning of scholarly attention to intercultural communication in Japan?
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What challenge was identified regarding Japanese intercultural communication?
What challenge was identified regarding Japanese intercultural communication?
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Who authored the book 'Public and Private Self in Japan and the United States'?
Who authored the book 'Public and Private Self in Japan and the United States'?
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Which two countries have seen the most studies on intercultural communication according to the content?
Which two countries have seen the most studies on intercultural communication according to the content?
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Where was the original field of intercultural communication developed?
Where was the original field of intercultural communication developed?
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Which of the following describes a characteristic of Japanese intercultural communication as identified in various studies?
Which of the following describes a characteristic of Japanese intercultural communication as identified in various studies?
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What was a major influence on the conceptualizations of nonverbal communication in Japan?
What was a major influence on the conceptualizations of nonverbal communication in Japan?
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What was the main focus of the conferences held in Japan that led to influential publications?
What was the main focus of the conferences held in Japan that led to influential publications?
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What primary influence did the Foreign Service Institute's training methods leave on modern intercultural communication?
What primary influence did the Foreign Service Institute's training methods leave on modern intercultural communication?
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Which publication is associated with John C. Condon and Mitsuko Saito in 1974?
Which publication is associated with John C. Condon and Mitsuko Saito in 1974?
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What does the term 'linguistic relativity' refer to in the context of intercultural communication?
What does the term 'linguistic relativity' refer to in the context of intercultural communication?
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Which of the following statements regarding intercultural communication in Japan is NOT true?
Which of the following statements regarding intercultural communication in Japan is NOT true?
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Why have many studies focused on Japanese/American intercultural communication?
Why have many studies focused on Japanese/American intercultural communication?
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What was a significant intellectual influence on the field of intercultural communication in Japan?
What was a significant intellectual influence on the field of intercultural communication in Japan?
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Which researcher contributed to the understanding of Japanese nonverbal communication behavior?
Which researcher contributed to the understanding of Japanese nonverbal communication behavior?
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What is the title of William B. Hart's 1996 paper presented at the Speech Communication Association?
What is the title of William B. Hart's 1996 paper presented at the Speech Communication Association?
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What concept did Kazuhiro Hirai focus on in his 1987 article?
What concept did Kazuhiro Hirai focus on in his 1987 article?
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Which publication features the SIETAR Survey on social sciences and intercultural communication?
Which publication features the SIETAR Survey on social sciences and intercultural communication?
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What key theme is explored in Ishii's 1984 article 'Enryo-Sasshi Communication'?
What key theme is explored in Ishii's 1984 article 'Enryo-Sasshi Communication'?
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What was a significant contribution of Boasian anthropology to intercultural relations as discussed by Hart?
What was a significant contribution of Boasian anthropology to intercultural relations as discussed by Hart?
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In what year did Kazuhiro Hirai publish his article on what to teach in intercultural communication education?
In what year did Kazuhiro Hirai publish his article on what to teach in intercultural communication education?
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Who authored the dissertation titled 'The Historical Contribution of Boasian Anthropology to the Interdiscipline of Intercultural Relations'?
Who authored the dissertation titled 'The Historical Contribution of Boasian Anthropology to the Interdiscipline of Intercultural Relations'?
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Study Notes
Why Is Intercultural Communication Studied in Communication Departments and Not Anthropology?
- Edward T. Hall, a key figure in intercultural communication, prioritized research over establishing the field within a specific academic department.
- Hall didn't actively promote the institutionalization of intercultural communication within anthropology departments.
- Hall lacked a large number of Ph.D. students in anthropology who could have continued research efforts within the field.
Intercultural Communication's Emergence in Communication Departments
- In the 1960s and 1970s, communication scholars expanded upon Hall’s work and brought intercultural communication into the realm of communication studies through books like Alfred Smith's "Communication and Culture" (1966).
- Over the past four decades, the field has primarily grown within universities and communication departments.
- Hall's work, however, has remained influential, as books and studies continue to cite him.
Japan's Role in Intercultural Studies
- The United States and Japan became the focus of many studies of intercultural communication due to the countries' economic ties and personnel exchanges.
- Several influential communication scholars, like John C. Condon, William B. Gudykunst, and Clifford Clarke, had significant experiences with Japanese/American communication, influencing their research and writing.
- Numerous studies have shown that while Hall's theories and behaviors have had a significant impact in Japanese intercultural communication, there are many unique aspects to Japanese communication.
Edward T. Hall's Paradigm in Intercultural Communication
- Hall, in collaboration with linguist George L. Trager, established a paradigm for intercultural communication in the 1950s, influenced by the Whorf-Sapir theory of linguistic relativity and Freudian psychoanalytic theory.
- Hall and Trager shared their expertise at a government training institute in Washington, D.C.
- Hall's paradigm has significantly impacted nonverbal communication in Japan and broader conceptualizations of the field.
Importance of the Foreign Service Institute (FSI)
- The FSI played a crucial role in the development of intercultural communication in the 1950s. This influence can be seen in current intercultural communication training methods that, in part, stem from the FSI's participatory training techniques.
- In Japan, the study of intercultural communication gained traction in 1966 with the Japanese translation of Hall's "The Silent Language".
- Influential books by Condon and Saito (1974, 1976) further expanded the field in Japan, often stemming from conferences on intercultural communication held in Japan.
- Japan has seen a rise in intercultural communication studies focusing on Japanese/American interactions, potentially because of the stark cultural differences and increasing contact between both populations, especially in business.
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Description
Explore the reasons why intercultural communication is focused in communication departments rather than anthropology. This quiz delves into the historical context and the influence of Edward T. Hall's research, highlighting key developments in the field. Understand how communication scholars expanded upon Hall’s work in the evolving academic landscape.
