Intellectual Property Overview Quiz

Intellectual Property (IP)

• IP refers to creations of the mind, including inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, and symbols.
• It is protected by law, specifically Republic Act 8293 (Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines).

Copyright

• Protects original works, such as writings, automatically upon creation.
• Works cannot be used, adapted, copied, or published without permission.

Creative Commons

• Allows work use without permission under specific conditions.
• Creators set rules for how their work is used.
• Only applies to works labeled as Creative Commons.

Public Domain

• Works can be used, adapted, copied, and published without restrictions.
• Examples include works published before 1923, those by deceased creators, and works placed in the public domain by creators.

Copyright Validity

• Literary Works: Lifetime of author + 50 years
• Art/Applied Works: 25 years from the date of creation, or publication
• Photography: 50 years from publication date
• Audio-Visual Works: 50 years from publication date
• Sound Recordings: 50 years from the recording date
• Broadcasting: 20 years from broadcast date
• Trademarks: 10 years, renewable for 10 years.
• Invention Patents: 20 years from the filing date.

Patents

• Patents grant exclusive rights for an invention.
• The patent holder controls how others use the invention, in exchange for releasing technical information to the public.

Trademarks

• Distinguishes goods or services of one enterprise from others.
• Often used by artisans with their signature or mark to distinguish their goods.

Industrial Design

• Refers to the aesthetic and ornamental aspects of an article.
• Can be three-dimensional (shape or surface) or two-dimensional (patterns or lines).

Geographical Indications and Appellations of Origin

• Signs associated with goods having particular geographical origin and unique qualities.
• Often includes the origin place's name.

Fair Use

• Allows use of copyrighted material without a license for commentary, criticism, research, reporting, and teaching.

Netiquette

• A set of rules for proper online conduct.

Digital Literacy

• The ability to find, evaluate, and communicate information using digital platforms.

Digital Citizenship

• Responsible use of technology.
• Focuses on safety, security, and being a positive contributor online.

Digital Etiquette

• Basic rules of conduct for online users.

Digital Access

• The ability to fully participate in digital society.

Digital Law

• Electronic responsibility for actions and deeds.

Digital Communication

• Electronic exchange of information, data, or messages.

Digital Commerce

• Buying and selling of goods and services electronically.

Digital Rights and Responsibility

• The right to use digital technology responsibly.

Digital Safety

• Protecting oneself online.

Digital Health and Welfare

• Using digital tools for improving health and well-being.

Digital Footprint

• Data trail left behind when using the internet.

Plagiarism

• Using others' work or ideas without credit.

Types of Plagiarism (Source Not Cited)

• Ghost Writer: Presenting another's work as your own.
• Photocopy: Copying significant portions of text without alteration.
• Potluck Paper: Copying from multiple sources with minor alterations.
• Poor Disguise: Altering words and phrases to disguise copying.
• Labor of Laziness: Paraphrasing from other sources without proper citation.
• Self-Stealer: Using your own prior work without citation.

Types of Plagiarism (Source Cited but Still Plagiarized)

• Forgotten Footnote: Citing an author without details on where information came from.
• Misinformer: Providing inaccurate information about a source, making it impossible to find.
• Too-Perfect Paraphrase: Properly citing a source but failing to use quotation marks when copying, or closely paraphrasing.
• Resourceful Citer: Properly citing sources but using largely copied or paraphrased material.
• Perfect Crime: Properly citation of some sources, but paraphrasing other sources without citing.

###Making Videos or Music Using Copyrighted Materials

• Copying videos or copyrighted music without permission for use in videos.
• Performing a cover of a song.
• Remixing copyrighted music without the artist's consent; all of these are considered plagiarism and copyright infringement

Net Compulsions

• Involvement in virtual activities that are financially and socially damaging.

Cybercrime

• Illegal activities involving computers and the internet.

Media

• Means of wide communication, including newspapers, TV, radio, and the internet.

Social Media

• Web-based tools for interaction and content sharing.

Ubiquitous Learning

• Learning that is available at any time and place.

Characteristics of Ubiquitous Learning

• Permanence: Learning materials are always available, unless deleted.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

• Online courses available to anyone, regardless of attendance limits.

Prototype

• An original design or model used for something else.

Design Thinking Process

• A five-step design process: Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test.
• Involving user needs and testing different ideas.

People in Media and People as Media

• People in Media includes experts providing information from their expertise..
• People as Media is anyone who is well versed in media and can provide accurate, reliable information to others.

People as Media

• Citizen Journalism
• Social Journalism
• Crowdsourcing

Opinion Leaders

• People highly exposed to media; often trusted sources of information.

Visual Design Principles

• Consistency: Using consistent elements (typography, colors).
• Center of Interest: Important aspect of a design.
• Balance: Visual equilibrium in design.
• Harmony: Similar elements blend smoothly.
• Contrast: Value differences add interest.
• Direction Movement: Visual guide through a design.
• Rhythm: Repetition of elements for a regular cadence / flow.
• Perspective: How objects appear in 3D space on a 2D surface, which creates a greater sense of depth.
• Dominance: Focus on specific elements to grab attention and avoid monotony

Design Principles and Elements of Text Media

• Emphasis: Giving importance to text or words.
• Appropriateness: Suitable content for the target audience
• Proximity: Placing items close to each other to show their relationship.
• Alignment: Positioning elements in a consistent way (left, right, center, justified).
• Organization: Structuring text effectively.
• Repetition: Repeating design elements to maintain consistency and unity.
• Contrast: Using differences in design elements to show visual distinction.

Visual Media

• Basic building blocks of visual images; elements used to construct visual images such as value, texture, and form which can have various applications in media.