Cutibacterium Acnes Facts: Integumentary System Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the integumentary system houses the germinal matrix?

Melanocyte cells

Cortex (correct)

Cuticle

Medulla

What is the function of the hair papilla?

Generating goosebumps

Producing sebum

Determining hair color

Nourishing the germinal matrix (correct)

Which type of hair does not have a medulla?

Terminal follicles

Anagen

Vellus (correct)

Scalp hair

What is the purpose of the arrector pili muscle?

Generating goosebumps Signup and view all the answers

Which gland produces sebum?

Sebaceous gland Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of the hair growth cycle do cells divide by mitosis and move upwards to become keratinized?

Anagen Signup and view all the answers

What is the average growth rate of scalp hair per month?

1/2 inch Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the hair growth cycle determines the final length of the hair?

Anagen Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of scalp follicles are in the anagen stage?

90-93% Signup and view all the answers

How long does scalp hair typically live?

4-6 years Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true?

Racial variation in pigmentation is due to differences in melanocyte morphology and activity rather than number and distribution. Signup and view all the answers

Where can we find the fifth layer of the epidermis?

Soles Signup and view all the answers

The most common keratins found in the basal keratinocyte are:

Keratin 5 and 14 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the product of spontaneous decarboxylation of DOPAchrome?

L-DOPA Signup and view all the answers

What are pigmentary demarcation lines?

Abrupt changes from lighter to darker skin in a linear pattern mostly seen on the limbs, trunk, or face. Signup and view all the answers

What is periorbital pigmentation commonly known as?

Dark circles Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytic nevi?

Benign neoplasms of the melanocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is melanoma?

A type of skin cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is albinism?

A condition characterized by hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes Signup and view all the answers

What are striae distensae commonly known as?

Stretch marks Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the hair cycle is characterized by the shedding of hair?

Telogen Signup and view all the answers

What cells release melanin to give hair its color?

Melanocyte cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hair is fine, soft, and non-pigmented?

Lanugo Signup and view all the answers

What are the major types of natural skin creases based on tri-radii?

Arches, loops, and whirls Signup and view all the answers

Which lines are produced by the effect of gravity on loose skin or fatty tissue?

Lines of dependency Signup and view all the answers

Which lines correspond to the underlying, interlocking pattern of dermal papillae?

Papillary ridges Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is characterized by follicular epidermal hyperproliferation, sebum production, presence of Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation?

Acne vulgaris Signup and view all the answers

What is the rare condition characterized by the lack of ridges on the skin of the fingers, toes, palms, and soles?

Adermatoglyphia Signup and view all the answers

Which lines represent skin tension in rigor mortis and are ideal for skin incisions without scarring?

Relaxed skin tension lines Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is related to early developmental boundaries or skin cell migration during embryogenesis?

Blaschko's line Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integumentary System Overview

The germinal matrix is located in the hair follicle, specifically in the dermis layer of the integumentary system.
Hair papilla serves as a dermal structure that supplies nutrients and signals hair growth, facilitating the growth cycle.
Vellus hair is a type of hair that does not contain a medulla, typically found on the face and body.
The arrector pili muscle functions to raise hair follicles, causing "goosebumps," and aids in thermoregulation.
Sebum is produced by sebaceous glands, which are essential for moisturizing and protecting the skin and hair.

Hair Growth Cycle

Anagen phase is the active growth stage during which hair follicle cells divide through mitosis, moving upward to become keratinized.
The average growth rate of scalp hair is approximately 1.25 cm (0.5 inches) per month.
The final length of the hair is determined during the anagen phase, which lasts several years.
Approximately 85-90% of scalp follicles are in the anagen stage at any given time.
Scalp hair typically has a lifespan of 2-7 years.

Skin Layers and Epidermis

The fifth layer of the epidermis, known as the stratum lucidum, can be found in certain areas of thick skin, such as palms and soles.
The most common keratins in basal keratinocytes are keratin 5 and keratin 14.

Pigmentation and Conditions

Spontaneous decarboxylation of DOPAchrome produces indole-5,6-quinone, a pivotal intermediate in melanin biosynthesis.
Pigmentary demarcation lines are visually distinct boundaries of skin tone, often found on limbs and between different areas of pigmentation.
Periorbital pigmentation is commonly known as dark circles under the eyes.
Melanocytic nevi, or moles, are benign growths formed from clusters of melanocytes.
Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer resulting from the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes.
Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of melanin, leading to pale skin, hair, and eyes.
Striae distensae are commonly known as stretch marks, caused by rapid skin stretching.

Hair Cycle Phases

The telogen phase is characterized by the shedding of hair, with old hair falling out as new hair begins to grow.
Melanocytes are the cells responsible for producing melanin, which gives hair its color.
Vellus hair is fine, soft, and non-pigmented, commonly found on the body.

Skin Creases and Conditions

Major natural skin creases are based on tri-radii patterns found in areas like palms and soles.
Gravitational lines are formed due to the effect of gravity on loose skin or adipose tissue over time.
Langer lines correspond to the orientation of dermal papillae and align with the underlying features of the dermis.
Acne vulgaris is characterized by follicular hyperproliferation, increased sebum production, colonization by Cutibacterium acnes, and associated inflammation.
A rare condition with a lack of skin ridges on fingers and toes is known as adermatoglyphia.
Tension lines from rigor mortis represent skin tension and are ideal for making incisions without causing scarring.
Certain skin conditions are linked to early developmental boundaries or issues in skin cell migration during embryogenesis.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the integumentary system and its three layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle. Learn about the germinal matrix, hair papilla, and melanocyte cells that determine hair color. Understand the characteristics of vellus hair and its transformation into terminal follicles during puberty.

Integumentary System Layers and Hair Transformation Quiz 2 (p. 6-10)