30 Questions
Which layer of the integumentary system houses the germinal matrix?
Cortex
What is the function of the hair papilla?
Nourishing the germinal matrix
Which type of hair does not have a medulla?
Vellus
What is the purpose of the arrector pili muscle?
Generating goosebumps
Which gland produces sebum?
Sebaceous gland
During which stage of the hair growth cycle do cells divide by mitosis and move upwards to become keratinized?
Anagen
What is the average growth rate of scalp hair per month?
1/2 inch
Which stage of the hair growth cycle determines the final length of the hair?
Anagen
What percentage of scalp follicles are in the anagen stage?
90-93%
How long does scalp hair typically live?
4-6 years
Which of the following statements is true?
Racial variation in pigmentation is due to differences in melanocyte morphology and activity rather than number and distribution.
Where can we find the fifth layer of the epidermis?
Soles
The most common keratins found in the basal keratinocyte are:
Keratin 5 and 14
Which of the following is the product of spontaneous decarboxylation of DOPAchrome?
L-DOPA
What are pigmentary demarcation lines?
Abrupt changes from lighter to darker skin in a linear pattern mostly seen on the limbs, trunk, or face.
What is periorbital pigmentation commonly known as?
Dark circles
What are melanocytic nevi?
Benign neoplasms of the melanocytes
What is melanoma?
A type of skin cancer
What is albinism?
A condition characterized by hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes
What are striae distensae commonly known as?
Stretch marks
Which phase of the hair cycle is characterized by the shedding of hair?
Telogen
What cells release melanin to give hair its color?
Melanocyte cells
Which type of hair is fine, soft, and non-pigmented?
Lanugo
What are the major types of natural skin creases based on tri-radii?
Arches, loops, and whirls
Which lines are produced by the effect of gravity on loose skin or fatty tissue?
Lines of dependency
Which lines correspond to the underlying, interlocking pattern of dermal papillae?
Papillary ridges
Which skin condition is characterized by follicular epidermal hyperproliferation, sebum production, presence of Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation?
Acne vulgaris
What is the rare condition characterized by the lack of ridges on the skin of the fingers, toes, palms, and soles?
Adermatoglyphia
Which lines represent skin tension in rigor mortis and are ideal for skin incisions without scarring?
Relaxed skin tension lines
Which skin condition is related to early developmental boundaries or skin cell migration during embryogenesis?
Blaschko's line
Test your knowledge of the integumentary system and its three layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle. Learn about the germinal matrix, hair papilla, and melanocyte cells that determine hair color. Understand the characteristics of vellus hair and its transformation into terminal follicles during puberty.
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