Integumentary System Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of eccrine sweat glands?

Provide sensation

Produce sweat (correct)

Store fat

Transport blood

What is an artery?

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

What is a vein?

A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.

What is a hair root?

The part of the hair located below the surface of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the hypodermis?

The layer of skin beneath the dermis. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hair follicle?

Structure in the skin from which hair grows. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reticular region?

The dominant, deep part of the dermis composed of dense irregular connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sebaceous gland?

Gland that secretes oil (sebum) to lubricate the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is a capillary loop?

Small blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dermis?

The middle layer of skin located beneath the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidermis?

The outermost layer of skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hair shaft?

The visible part of the hair that extends above the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sweat pore?

An opening on the surface of the skin through which sweat exits. Signup and view all the answers

What is an epidermal ridge?

The patterns on the surface of the skin that form fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

What is a free nerve ending?

A sensory nerve ending that is responsible for detecting pain, temperature, and touch. Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrector pili muscle?

A small muscle that contracts to cause hair to stand up. Signup and view all the answers

What is a dermal papilla?

Small, nipple-like projections of the dermis that increase the surface area for exchange. Signup and view all the answers

What are Meissner's corpuscles?

Tactile receptors that respond to light touch. Signup and view all the answers

What are Pacinian corpuscles?

Lamellated receptors that respond to deep pressure and vibration. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sensory nerve?

A nerve that generates a signal when experiencing a change in environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is an apocrine sweat gland?

A type of sweat gland that becomes active during puberty. Signup and view all the answers

What is adipose tissue?

Connective tissue that stores fat. Signup and view all the answers

What is the papillary region?

The upper layer of the dermis that supplies blood and sensory neurons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum corneum?

The outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead keratinocytes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum lucidum?

A clear layer below the stratum corneum, containing dead keratinocytes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum granulosum?

A thin granular layer above the stratum spinosum, producing keratin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum spinosum?

The spinous layer above the stratum basale, consisting of keratinocytes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum germinativum (basale)?

The bottom layer of the epidermis containing melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the subcutaneous plexus?

Network of blood vessels in the hypodermis. Signup and view all the answers

What are keratinocytes?

Cells that make up 90% of the epidermal cells and undergo keratinization. Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytes?

Cells that produce the brown pigment, melanin. Signup and view all the answers

What are Langerhans cells?

Phagocytic cells that provide defense against infection. Signup and view all the answers

What are Merkel cells?

Cells located deep in the dermis that function as touch receptors. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integumentary System Key Components

Eccrine Sweat Gland: Major type of sweat gland, responsible for regulating body temperature through perspiration.
Artery: Blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to tissues.
Vein: Blood vessel that returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Hair Root: Part of the hair located below the skin, embedded in the hair follicle.
Hypodermis: Layer beneath the dermis, consisting of loose connective tissue and fat, providing insulation and cushioning.
Hair Follicle: Structure that surrounds and supports the hair root; plays a key role in hair growth.
Reticular Region: Deep layer of the dermis made of dense irregular connective tissue, providing strength and elasticity.
Sebaceous Gland: Gland that produces sebum (oil) to lubricate and protect skin and hair.
Capillary Loop: Small blood vessels that provide nutrients to skin and help regulate temperature.
Dermis: Layer of skin below the epidermis, containing connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.
Epidermis: Outermost layer of skin, serving as a barrier and protecting underlying tissues.
Hair Shaft: Part of the hair that extends above the skin surface, visible part of the hair.
Sweat Pore: Opening on the skin surface for the exit of sweat.
Epidermal Ridge: Projections in the epidermis that enhance grip and increase surface area.
Free Nerve Ending: Nerve endings in the skin that respond to pain, temperature, and pressure.
Arrector Pili Muscle: Small muscle attached to hair follicles, responsible for goosebumps.
Dermal Papilla: Projections that interlock with the epidermis and provide nutrients; increase surface area for exchange.
Meissner's Corpuscles: Mechanoreceptors located in the dermis, sensitive to light touch and vibrations.
Pacinian Corpuscle: Mechanoreceptors that detect deep pressure and vibrations; located deeper in the dermis.
Sensory Nerve: Nerve fibers that transmit sensory information like temperature changes and fine touch to the brain.
Apocrine Sweat Gland: Sweat glands found in specific regions (e.g., armpits), activate during emotional stress.
Adipose Tissue: Fat tissue in the hypodermis, providing cushioning, insulation, and energy storage.
Papillary Region: Upper layer of the dermis, characterized by a bumpy texture that enhances blood circulation and sensation.
Stratum Corneum: Outermost epidermal layer composed of dead keratinized cells, acting as a protective barrier.
Stratum Lucidum: Thin, clear layer of dead keratinocytes found only in thick skin areas like palms and soles.
Stratum Granulosum: Granular layer where keratinocytes begin to flatten and lose their nuclei, contributing to the skin barrier.
Stratum Spinosum: Layer containing keratinocytes with spiny projections; provides strength and flexibility.
Stratum Germinativum/Basale: Bottom layer of the epidermis, contains stem cells, melanocytes, and Merkel cells for skin regeneration and pigmentation.
Subcutaneous Plexus: Network of blood vessels located in the hypodermis that supplies blood to the dermis and epidermis.
Keratinocytes: Majority of epidermal cells (90%), responsible for producing keratin, which strengthens the skin.
Melanocytes: Specialized cells that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.
Langerhans Cells: Immune cells in the epidermis that capture and present antigens to T-cells, providing defense against infection.
Merkel Cells: Located in the deep epidermal layer, these cells function as mechanoreceptors for tactile sensation.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the integumentary system with these flashcards focused on key terms like sweat glands, arteries, and layers of skin. Perfect for students studying anatomy or preparing for exams. Review definitions and improve your understanding of the skin and its functions.