Integumentary System Components Flashcards

Components of the Integumentary System

• Comprises multiple layers and structures essential for protection, sensation, and thermoregulation.

Epidermis

• The outermost layer of skin, composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells.
• Responsible for barrier function, housing keratinocytes, melanocytes, and Langerhans cells.

Dermis

• Situated beneath the epidermis, this layer provides strength and elasticity through collagen and elastin fibers.
• Contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings.

Papillary Layer

• The uppermost part of the dermis, characterized by thin collagen fibers.
• Contains dermal papillae that enhance the grip of the skin and support the epidermis.

Reticular Layer

• The deeper portion of the dermis, consisting of dense irregular connective tissue.
• Houses most skin structures like sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles.

Hypodermis

• Also known as subcutaneous tissue, it is the layer beneath the dermis.
• Composed mainly of adipose tissue, it provides insulation, cushioning, and energy storage.

Hair Shaft

• The visible part of hair that extends above the skin surface.
• Composed of dead keratinized cells that provide protection and present aesthetic features.

Pore of Sweat Gland Duct

• The opening through which sweat is excreted onto the skin surface.
• Plays a critical role in thermoregulation and maintaining body temperature.

Touch Receptor

• Specialized nerve endings responsible for the sense of touch.
• Located in the skin, providing the ability to perceive tactile sensations.

Sebaceous Gland

• Produces sebum, an oily substance that moisturizes the skin and hair.
• Helps in protecting skin from infections and maintaining skin barrier integrity.

Arrector Pili Muscle

• Small muscles attached to hair follicles that contract to make hair stand up (goosebumps).
• Contributes to thermoregulation by trapping air and providing insulation.

Sweat Gland Duct

• The duct that transports sweat from sweat glands to the skin surface.
• Essential for excretion of waste products and thermoregulatory functions.

Pressure Receptor

• Mechanoreceptors that respond to deep pressure and texture.
• Enhance the ability to detect environmental stimuli.

Hair Follicle

• A dynamic organ from which hair grows, embedded in the dermis.
• Contains the hair bulb and is responsible for hair development and regeneration.

Sweat Gland

• Multicellular structures found in the dermis that produce sweat.
• Crucial for thermoregulation and excretion of metabolic waste.

Fat

• Found within the hypodermis, serving as insulation and energy reserve.
• Plays a vital role in cushioning and protecting underlying structures.