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Questions and Answers
What characteristic of healthy skin indicates proper hydration and elasticity?
Which of the following assessment characteristics is NOT recommended when evaluating the condition of hair?
What does the presence of grooves or depressions in nails typically indicate?
Which equipment is essential for adequately assessing a client's skin condition?
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When assessing nails, which of the following characteristics is considered abnormal in a healthy patient?
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Which aspect of skin assessment is least important when observing skin mobility?
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What is a common change in the integumentary system associated with aging?
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Why is adequate lighting crucial during a skin assessment?
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How do pressure injuries present differently in patients with dark skin compared to light skin?
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Which skin condition is characterized by inflammatory papulopustular eruptions?
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Which of the following assessment techniques is recommended for evaluating skin temperature?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding melanoma risks?
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What is a skin condition characterized by inflammation and itchy patches?
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Study Notes
Integumentary System Assessment and Interventions
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Physical Assessment - Inspect and palpate skin, hair, and nails from head to toe.
- Skin: Assess color, temperature, moisture, texture, thickness, vascularity, bruising, mobility, and turgor.
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Hair: Inspect and palpate scalp and hair for surface characteristics, distribution, texture, quantity, and color. Inspect facial and body hair.
- Surface characteristics: Should be smooth without flaking, scaling, redness, or lesions.
- Shiny and soft: Hair should appear shiny and soft.
- Quantity and quality: Note any balding patterns or hair loss.
- Texture and color: Assess texture and color.
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Nails: Inspect nails for shape, contour, color, consistency, thickness, and cleanliness.
- Edges: Note if edges are smooth and rounded.
- Shape and contour: Nails should appear flat and slightly rounded.
- Consistency: Inspect for grooves, depressions, pitting, and ridges.
- Color: Pink in light-skinned individuals, yellow/brown with vertical lines in dark-skinned individuals.
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Equipment:
- Strong direct lighting
- Small centimeter ruler
- Penlight
- Gloves
- Stethoscope (for auscultation)
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Age-related Changes:
- Slower wound healing
- Increased risk of skin breakdown in older adults
- Skin thinning
- Difficulty regulating temperature
- Wrinkling/loss of elastin and collagen
- Reduced muscle tone
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Cultural Considerations:
- Blanching (turning white) may not occur in darker-skinned individuals.
- Skin color cannot be used to assess for pressure injuries in dark-skinned individuals.
- Melanoma is 20 times more common in white individuals than black individuals and 4 times more common in Hispanic individuals.
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Skin Color Variations:
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Light Skin:
- Pallor: White or pale.
- Erythema: Red or bright pink.
- Cyanosis: Dusky blue.
- Jaundice: Yellow sclera (whites of the eyes) and hard palate of the mouth.
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Dark Skin:
- Pallor: Yellow-brown or grey.
- Erythema: Purplish tint.
- Cyanosis: Dark, dull, lifeless.
- Jaundice: Yellowing of the hard and soft palate and palms of the hands.
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Light Skin:
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Selected Integumentary Variations:
- Acne: Inflammatory papulopustular skin eruption, often on the face, neck, shoulders, and upper back.
- Psoriasis: Chronic skin disease resulting in scaly, itchy patches.
- Alopecia: Partial or complete hair loss.
- Eczema (Dermatitis): Inflammation of the skin characterized by itchiness, redness, and a rash.
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Normal Integumentary Findings:
- Striae: Silver or pink stretch marks.
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Description
This quiz covers the assessment and interventions related to the integumentary system. You will learn how to inspect and palpate skin, hair, and nails while focusing on their characteristics and overall health. Understanding these assessments is crucial for effective nursing practice.
