Integration in Criminal Justice Psychology

Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of 'Psychology in the Criminal Justice System' according to Haney’s model?

Analyzing the CJS as a psychological study

Development of constitutional questions

The co-equal use of psychological principles

Effective use of psychology for operational improvement (correct)

How do adjudicative facts differ from legislative facts in Monahan & Walker’s model?

Adjudicative facts apply to multiple cases while legislative facts are specific to one case

Adjudicative facts are general, whereas legislative facts are case-specific

Adjudicative facts are specific to a case, while legislative facts are broader, affecting subsequent cases (correct)

There is no significant difference in their application within the CJS

Which example best illustrates the use of psychology as a social fact within a case in the context of the criminal justice system?

Creating a new line-up procedure

Developing new jury instructions

Submitting constitutional questions to a court

Providing statistical proof in trademark infringement cases (correct)

What role does psychology play when used as a social authority according to Monahan & Walker’s model?

It informs legislative facts affecting future legal decisions Signup and view all the answers

In Haney’s Model, what aspect is focused on when referring to ‘Psychology of the Criminal Justice System’?

Examining the CJS itself as a subject for psychological research Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of program evaluation in forensic psychology?

To rigorously analyze the impact of an initiative or intervention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following approaches provides the most scientific data regarding the need for an intervention?

Survey Approach Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of quasi-experimental research?

It can claim correlation but is less reflective of causality Signup and view all the answers

In needs and assets assessment, what is the purpose of gap analysis?

To determine the necessary interventions based on existing needs Signup and view all the answers

What does process evaluation primarily examine in the context of program implementation?

The degree of program fidelity and short-term procedural impacts Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integration: Haney’s Model

Emphasizes the use of psychology within the criminal justice system (CJS) for operational effectiveness.
Psychological applications in CJS include expert testimony in insanity defenses and jury selection processes.
Psychological principles can be co-jointly applied to analyze CJS operations, improving practices such as line-up procedures and procedural instructions.
Psychologists view the CJS as a subject for psychological research, addressing issues like social justice and constitutional questions.

Integration: Monahan & Walker’s Model

Differentiates between adjudicative facts (case-specific) and legislative facts (broader relevance).
Adjudicative facts pertain directly to case outcomes, affecting the determination of legal claims.
Legislative facts transcend specific cases, impacting multiple cases and practices.
Psychological knowledge can assist in proving legal claims, such as through expert testimony or statistical analysis.
Psychological research serves as a social authority, influencing the assessment of various legal practices across different cases.

Quasi-Experimental Research

Designed to maintain empirical rigor in real-world contexts while evaluating interventions.
Primarily examines the effects of specific interventions, correlating outcomes rather than establishing causality.
Certain study designs enhance the likelihood of inferring causality.

Program Evaluation & Forensic Psychology

Programs are structured activities aimed at generating change within organizations or for users.
Program evaluation systematically applies scientific methods to analyze design, implementation, and outcomes.
Key steps in program evaluation include identifying a need, establishing an evidence-based intervention, implementing it, conducting process evaluations, and collecting pre/post data for impact assessment.

Needs and Assets Assessment

Aims to empirically ascertain the necessity for intervention based on a gap analysis of related needs and available assets.
Indicator approach: Utilizes existing data and records to evaluate program needs.
Survey approach: Collects scientific data through comprehensive survey design and analysis to gauge need.
Community impressions approach: Engages the community through interviews, focus groups, and forums to determine perceived program necessity.
- Key Informant Interviews: Semi-structured discussions with knowledgeable individuals.
- Focus Groups: Group discussions with community members (8-12 participants) to glean insights.
- Community Forums: Open discussions allowing community feedback on program needs.

Process Evaluation

Focuses on program fidelity, ensuring adherence to the original proposal, and assessing the quality of program delivery.
Evaluates short-term procedural impacts of interventions.

Outcome Evaluation

Aims to empirically document the effects of a program, assessing tangible outcomes and outputs.

Description

Explore the integration of psychological principles in the criminal justice system through the lenses of Haney’s and Monahan & Walker’s models. This quiz delves into the applications of psychology in legal contexts, including expert testimony and case analysis, and highlights how psychological research informs better practices in the CJS.