Integrated Modular Avionics Quiz
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What is the primary function of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) in modern aircraft?

  • To provide a backup power source for essential avionics in case of engine failure.
  • To isolate critical avionics systems from non-essential passenger entertainment systems.
  • To distribute real-time computing across a network of modules, supporting various applications. (correct)
  • To centralize all mechanical flight controls into a single unit for enhanced precision.

    • Which of the following is a direct benefit of implementing Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA)?

  • Reduction in the weight of the avionics suite. (correct)
  • Simplified maintenance of pneumatic components.
  • Improved aerodynamic efficiency of the aircraft's wings.
  • Increased redundancy in hydraulic systems.

    • What is the purpose of linking Modular Avionics Units (MAUs) via data buses and discretes in the Embraer 170/190 IMA system architecture?

  • To simplify the power distribution network.
  • To isolate each MAU for security purposes.
  • To facilitate communication and data exchange between MAUs and aircraft systems. (correct)
  • To provide redundancy in case of MAU failure.

    • Which of the following is an advantage of using Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) over traditional avionics systems?

    <p>Reduces maintenance costs and increases reliability by using fewer computers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the implementation of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) contribute to operational efficiency?

    <p>By consolidating multiple functions into single Line Replaceable Units (LRU). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the computing modules (hardware) within an Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system regarding the software applications they support?

    <p>They are capable of supporting numerous applications with differing safety criticality levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information, what is the impact of Integrated Modular Avionics on the A380 avionics suite as compared to traditional systems?

    <p>Half the number of processor unit part numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the transformer coupler within the Avionics Standard-Communication Bus (ASCB) coupler?

    <p>To provide electrical isolation and impedance matching between buses and NICs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do ASCB terminators perform within the Avionics Standard-Communication Bus system?

    <p>They absorb signals to prevent reflection and interference. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is used by the Local Area Network (LAN) to allow peripheral devices to communicate with the NIC?

    <p>Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Local Area Network (LAN) in the context of aircraft avionics?

    <p>For development, maintenance, and software loading. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a listed application of cockpit and flight controls?

    <p>Electrical load management system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Input/Output Module (IOM) within the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN)?

    <p>To convert non-AFDX data to AFDX data and vice versa. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what frequency does the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus operate?

    <p>500 kHz (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cable is used for the Local Area Network (LAN)?

    <p>Thin coaxial cable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components are directly connected to the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN)?

    <p>Core Processing Input/Output Modules (CPIOMs) and Input/Output Modules (IOMs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying technology that supports the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN)?

    <p>AFDX (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the nature of the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus?

    <p>A multi-point, serial, synchronous digital communication system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides the ASCB, where else is the same wire and harness construction (twisted, shielded pair with terminators) used?

    <p>Controller Area Network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage provided by AFDX technology?

    <p>Increased weight due to additional wiring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Network Interface Controller's (NIC) function in a Local Area Network (LAN)?

    <p>Controlling data transmission on the LAN bus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirement might need to be fulfilled when swapping IMAs within a specific type?

    <p>Software reconfiguration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system does not have a dedicated IMA on a B787, according to the text?

    <p>Ice Protection Systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the B787, what is the purpose of IMAs related to environment control systems?

    <p>Control and indication of protective, air conditioning, pressurisation, and e/e cooling systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these systems are controlled and indicated by IMAs related to mechanical systems?

    <p>Brake, landing gear, and steering systems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Embraer 170/190, what does MAU stand for?

    <p>Modular Avionics Unit. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Integrated Modular Avionics implemented on the A380 compared to the Embraer 170/190?

    <p>The A380 has independent LRMs to host different avionics applications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a B787, which of the following falls under the control and indication functions managed by the 'Payloads' IMAs?

    <p>Lavatories, potable water, and oxygen systems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which systems are covered by propulsion/APU IMAs?

    <p>Engine and APU fire detection and extinguishing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of IMAs related to electrical systems mentioned in the text?

    <p>To control and indicate system operations, manage secondary electrical power distribution, proximity sensing, and regulate window heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is associated with the fuel systems IMAs mentioned in the text?

    <p>System indication, fuel quantity, nitrogen generation system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Core Processing Input/Output Modules (CPIOMs) within the A380's Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system?

    <p>To integrate shared memory and computing resources to independently execute hosted avionics applications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN) used for in the A380 IMA system?

    <p>Facilitating communication between CPIOMs and IOMs using Avionics Full DupleX (AFDX) switched ethernet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What communication technology is used by the A380 Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system?

    <p>Avionics Full DupleX (AFDX) switched ethernet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Input/Output Modules (IOMs) in the A380's Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system?

    <p>To accommodate and link the Integrated Modular Avionics with conventional avionics systems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do applications within the Core Processing Input/Output Modules (CPIOMs) communicate with each other and with conventional LRUs?

    <p>Through ADCN using AFDX data, and directly with conventional LRUs using non-AFDX data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of applications is NOT supported by any of the seven CPIOM types (A to G) mentioned for the A380?

    <p>Ice and rain protection applications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many types of CPIOMs are identified in the A380's IMA system, and what distinguishes them?

    <p>Seven types, each designated by a letter (A to G) and associated with specific systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system of an Airbus A380 and that of an Embraer 170/190 aircraft?

    <p>Embraer 170/190 IMA system merges three to four aircraft systems and handles each of these systems individually. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the Core Processing Input/Output Module (CPIOM) in the A380's avionics architecture?

    <p>It hosts avionics applications, independently executes them, and processes input/output data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the A380's Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system, what does the term 'LRM' stand for, and what significance do LRMs hold within this system?

    <p>Line Replaceable Modules; CPIOMs and IOMs within the A380’s Integrated Modular Avionics system are LRMs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA)

    A distributed real-time computer network in aircraft with multiple computing modules.

    CPIOM

    Core Processing Input/Output Modules that handle data processing in avionics.

    Modular Avionics Units (MAUs)

    Hardware components linked by data buses in IMA systems.

    Advantages of IMA

    Reduces weight, maintenance costs, and increases reliability in avionics systems.

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    Data Buses

    Communication pathways that connect Modular Avionics Units in an aircraft.

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    Payload Factor

    The amount of weight an aircraft can carry including passengers and cargo.

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    Safety Criticality Levels

    Different levels of importance related to the safety of software applications in avionics.

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    Bus Coupler

    Isolates different communication buses to prevent interference.

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    ASCB Terminators

    Devices that absorb signals at endpoints of ASCB to prevent back reflections.

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    Local Area Network (LAN)

    A network for connecting devices for communication, maintenance, and software loading.

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    NIC

    Network Interface Card that controls data transmission over networks.

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    Controller Area Network (CAN)

    Standard bus using integrated circuits for bidirectional communication.

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    Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

    Protocol used for data transmission over networks like LAN.

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    Twisted, Shielded Pair Wiring

    Type of wiring used in ASCB and CAN for reducing interference.

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    Signal Absorption

    Process of preventing signal reflections in communication systems.

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    Multi-point Serial Synchronous Communication

    Method for devices to communicate over a single bus at the same time.

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    ADCN

    Avionics Data Communication Network, connecting system computers.

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    AFDX

    Aeronautical communications based on adapted Ethernet protocol.

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    AFDX advantages

    Secure, reliable, high data rate with less wiring.

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    LRM

    A system that merges multiple aircraft systems for individual handling.

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    A380 IMA System

    Integrated Modular Avionics System used in the A380 for managing avionics applications.

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    CPIOM Types

    Seven types of CPIOM, labeled A to G, for various applications.

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    Pneumatic Applications

    CPIOM applications related to systems like engine bleed air and air distribution.

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    Air Conditioning Applications

    CPIOM applications managing air generation, temperature, and cabin pressure.

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    CPIOM Data Processing

    CPIOM processes AFDX data and non-AFDX data for applications.

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    B787 IMA Applications

    Avionics applications on the B787 include displays, data management, and system control.

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    Line Replaceable Modules (LRM)

    Modules within the MAU or independent units hosting avionics applications.

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    A380 Avionics Structure

    The A380 uses independent LRMs for hosting various avionics applications.

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    Aircraft System Control

    Refers to the management of various equipment like electrical, fuel, and hydraulic systems.

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    Crew Alerting Systems

    Part of avionics that notifies crew of system statuses and alerts.

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    Data Loading and Configuration Management

    Activities involving the updating and setup of aircraft systems data.

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    Environmental Control Systems

    Systems in aircraft regulating air conditioning, pressurization, and safety.

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    Propulsion/APU Role

    Involves engine control, fire detection, and thrust reverser functions.

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    Study Notes

    Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) Learning Objectives

    • Integrated modular avionics (IMA) is a distributed real-time computer network aboard an aircraft.
    • IMA consists of computing modules (hardware) capable of supporting numerous applications (software) of differing safety criticality levels.
    • IMA reduces maintenance costs and increases reliability by using fewer computers.
    • IMA gives economies in fuel savings and increases payload.
    • IMA reduces workload for flight crew and maintenance personnel.
    • IMA enables multiple functions to be achieved with a single Line Replaceable Unit (LRU).
    • The IMA approach has reduced avionics suite weight, specifically in the 787 Dreamliner and A380.

    Modular Avionics Unit (MAU)

    • MAUs are hardware and software technologies.
    • MAUs host independent applications.
    • MAUs supply an input/output interface to some conventional avionics.
    • MAU's consist of a backplane to connect LRMs, power supply, and a network interface controller (NIC).

    Modular Avionics Unit (MAU) Channel Components

    • Backplane: LRMs are plugged to a virtual backplane bus for power and communication.
    • Power Supply: Translates aircraft power to conditioned power for the MAU boards.
    • NIC: Acts as a gateway for modules to access ASCB/LAN buses.
    • User Modules: Third-party modules performing aircraft control and monitoring functions.
    • Uses digital Engine Operating System (DEOS).

    Typical Integrated Modular Avionics Architecture (Embraer 170/190)

    • The IMA system consists of Modular Avionics Units (MAUs) linked by data buses.
    • MAUs are linked to various aircraft systems.

    Modular Avionics Unit (detailed)

    • The MAU is a metal cabinet.
    • The cabinet houses different replaceable modules (LRMs).
    • Connects to the aircraft wiring through front connectors on the LRMs.
    • Each MAU has two independent processing systems (channels) for redundancy.

    Data Communication

    • MAUs use Avionics Standard Communication Bus (ASCB) for major subsystem communication.
    • ASCB uses a high-speed serial data bus (10Mb/s) with a single-shielded twisted pair of wires.
    • Data is transmitted in 12.5 millisecond (ms) frames.
    • Redundancy in the ASCB network is via four data buses (Left primary, Right primary, Left backup, Right backup).

    Avionics Standard Communication Bus Coupler

    • Coupler isolates buses (primary, backup, cross-side).
    • Uses a transformer coupler for isolation from each other.

    Avionics Standard Communication Bus Terminators

    • Devices at the endpoints of an ASCB.
    • Absorb signals to avoid reflection back down the line.

    Local Area Network (LAN)

    • Physically and electrically separate from the ASCB.
    • Used for development, maintenance, and software loading.
    • Uses Ethernet (TCP/IP) for communication between display units, MAU, and peripherals.

    Controller Area Network (CAN)

    • Standard industrial bus with integrated circuits.
    • Operates at 500 kHz.
    • Bidirectional serial bus.
    • Uses same wire and harness as ASCB.

    Error Capabilities

    • CAN has error detection on frames.
    • Disregards frames with errors, allowing the network to recover.
    • Includes mechanisms for nodes to disconnect from network upon too many errors detected.

    Typical Integrated Modular Avionics Version of Flight Guidance System (E170/190)

    • The Embraer 190 autopilot functions are part of the Flight Guidance Control System (FGCS).
    • The FGCS drives autopilot systems using electro-mechanical servo assemblies.
    • Actuator Input-Output Processors (AIOPs) handle autopilot and yaw damper functions and act as line replaceable modules (LRM).
    • AIOPs receive data from avionics and flight control systems via the ASCB or FGCS.
    • IOMs convert non-AFDX data to AFDX data for use in ADCN and vice-versa.
    • All IOMs are fully interchangeable.

    Autopilot Feedback

    • Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) provide analog feedback to Primary Actuator Control Electronics (P-ACE) system.
    • P-ACE converts analog feedback to digital, then sends it to Flight Control Modules (FCMs) and the Autopilot AIOPs.
    • Signals for pitch and horizontal stabilizer control are handled by combining the rudder/trim signals with configuration trim and relayed to the Horizontal stabilizer through the CAN bus.

    Types of Integrated Modular Avionics

    • Depending on aircraft type and systems, IMAs have different applications but can be interchangeable with reconfiguration.
    • Examples: Avionics, displays, crew alerting flight data, thrust management, communication, environmental control, electrical systems, fuel systems, hydraulics, mechanical systems (brakes, landing gear), payloads (lavatories, oxygen), propulsion/APU (engines and APU related control/monitoring).

    Comparison of Boeing B777 and B787 Avionics Systems

    • Shows differences in the number of Line Replaceable Units (LRUs).
    • Highlights reduction in cost, weight, rack space, improved reliability, and reduced wiring.

    Difference between EMB 170/190 and A380 IMA

    • EMB 170/190 uses a metal cabinet (MAU) with replaceable modules (LRMs) for different applications.
    • A380 has independent LRMs, each typically handling multiple systems concurrently.

    Integrated Modular Avionics System on the A380

    • Uses Core Processing Input/Output Modules (CPIOMs) for independent applications.
    • Uses Input/Output Modules (IOMs) for conventional avionics integration.
    • Uses Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN) which is based on AFDX (Avionics Full DupleX) switched Ethernet.

    Core Processing Input/Output Module (CPIOM)

    • CPIOMs integrate shared memory and computing resources for independent avionics application execution.
    • CPIOM: processes specific input/output (I/O) data for each application.
    • Seven types of CPIOM, each handling specific (engine bleed air, air conditioning, etc) systems on the aircraft.

    Input/Output Module (IOM)

    • IOMs do not host avionics applications.
    • IOM: converts non-AFDX data from conventional LRUs to AFDX data for the ADCN.

    Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN)

    • Based on AFDX technology for secure and reliable communication.
    • Utilizes switches, cables, and the AFDX technology to support high data rates (~10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s) in the system.
    • Redundancy in the ADCN system is available to ensure continuity of communication lines.

    AFDX World

    • AFDX cable is a full-duplex physical link between a subscriber (such as a CPIOM) to an AFDX Switch.

    Typical Integrated Modular Avionics Version of Bleed Air Management (A380)

    • Bleed air system management is handled by one or more CPIOMs.
    • Using signals from the Electronic Control Box (ECB) and responding to user inputs from panels, CPIOMs trigger actions in relation to the bleed air system and related systems.
    • Overheat detection unit (OHDU) will trigger responses in related systems if a bleed air leak is detected.

    Typical Leak Detection

    • Overheat Detection Unit (OHDU) signals the appropriate CPIOM in response to detected bleed air leaks.
    • Flight Warning System (FWS), Control and Display System (CDS), and Onboard Maintenance System (OMS) are notified of the incident.

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    Test your knowledge on Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) in modern aircraft systems. This quiz covers its primary functions, direct benefits, and comparisons with traditional avionics systems. Explore the architecture and operational efficiency brought by IMA.

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