Questions and Answers
Where is mitigation mostly done in the emergency management order?
What are the reasons for the global increase in frequency and intensity of disasters?
Climatological reasons and societal actions
What is mitigation?
A sustained action to reduce or eliminate risk to people and property from hazards and their effects
How does mitigation differ from other emergency management disciplines?
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Which of the following are tools for mitigation?
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What is the most essential tool for mitigation?
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What must we know for hazard identification and mapping?
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What is the most cost-effective means of addressing risk?
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What are the factors for building codes for enforcement?
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What is land use planning?
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Which disasters have changed the insurance agency?
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Why is insurance controversial?
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Examples of structural controls include:
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Why are structural controls controversial as a mitigation tool?
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What is an advantage of mitigation?
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What is a disadvantage of mitigation?
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What are impediments of mitigation?
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What is the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program?
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What does the Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program aim to achieve?
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How much can each dollar spent in mitigation save in future losses?
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Study Notes
Mitigation Overview
- Mitigation primarily occurs during recovery but can be integrated into all phases: mitigation > preparedness > response > recovery.
- Essential focus on long-term solutions to reduce risks rather than just immediate responses.
Global Disaster Trends
- Increasing frequency and intensity of disasters attributed to climatological factors and human activity.
Definition of Mitigation
- Involves sustained actions to reduce or eliminate risks to people and property from various hazards.
Distinction of Mitigation
- Unlike other emergency management disciplines, mitigation focuses on long-term risk reduction rather than immediate preparedness, response, or short-term recovery.
Tools for Mitigation
- Key tools include hazard identification, design and construction methods, land-use planning, insurance solutions, and structural controls.
Challenges in Mitigation
- Different skill sets required compared to operational response; reluctance to promote mitigation due to fears of job security; local policies often mirror federal measures.
Essential Tool for Mitigation
- Hazard identification and mapping regarded as the most crucial aspect of effective mitigation strategies.
Requirements for Hazard ID and Mapping
- Understanding the specific hazards and affected populations, utilizing resources such as NFIP, USGS, GIS, and HAZUS.
Cost-Effectiveness of Mitigation
- Design and construction applications are considered the most effective means of mitigating risks financially.
Building Codes Enforcement
- Needs include writing and enforcing regulations, environmental considerations, navigating public desires, and improving enforcement capabilities post-disasters.
Land Use Planning
- An early method to promote mitigation to keep people and properties safe from natural hazards, maintaining the natural environment’s mitigating qualities.
Impactful Disasters on Insurance
- Major events like Hurricane Katrina and Rita significantly influenced the insurance industry’s operations and policies.
Controversy Surrounding Insurance
- Insurance acts as a risk transfer tool and can lead to potential extortion issues.
Examples of Structural Controls
- Include levees, seawalls, bulkheads, groins, and jetties as physical measures to mitigate hazards.
Controversies of Structural Controls
- Concerns arise from reliance on outdated technology and efforts to control natural processes.
Advantages of Mitigation
- Effective mitigation can prevent insurance companies from raising premiums, benefiting consumers.
Disadvantages of Mitigation
- Requires personal and business responsibility for understanding and acting on received mitigation information.
Impediments to Effective Mitigation
- Common barriers include denial of risk, insufficient political support, funding limitations, and legal issues relating to property rights.
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
- This is the principal funding source for local and state mitigation projects, contingent on a major disaster declaration with a 25% state matching requirement.
Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program Goals
- Designed to foster community partnerships, assess risks, prioritize risk-reduction measures, and communicate actions effectively.
Financial Impact of Mitigation
- Research indicates that each dollar spent on mitigation can yield savings of $6 to $11 in future disaster losses, raising questions about investment priorities in this area.
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Description
Test your knowledge on integrated emergency management with these flashcards. Cover key concepts such as mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery, as well as the factors contributing to the rise in disaster frequency and intensity. Perfect for students and professionals in emergency management.