Insulin Pump Therapy: Administration and Safety

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Questions and Answers

A registered nurse (RN) is preparing to delegate tasks related to insulin pump management for a stable client. Which task is most appropriate to delegate to a trained practical nurse (PN)?

  • Monitoring the ongoing administration of insulin via an established insulin pump. (correct)
  • Adjusting insulin dosages on the pump based on client's fluctuating blood glucose levels.
  • Programming the initial basal rate and bolus settings on a newly inserted insulin pump.
  • Initial client education on insulin pump therapy and lifestyle adjustments.

Prior to initiating insulin pump therapy, the nurse reviews the client's medical record. Which piece of information is most critical to verify during this initial assessment phase to ensure client safety?

  • Client's understanding of carbohydrate counting and insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios.
  • Client's documented allergies, particularly to latex or antiseptics. (correct)
  • Client's preferred injection sites from previous insulin administrations.
  • Client's history of compliance with previous medication regimens.

The nurse is preparing to insert an insulin pump for a client. According to best practice guidelines, which action aligns with the 'Planning' phase of the nursing process during this skill?

  • Reviewing the client's medical history and allergies.
  • Gathering all necessary supplies and ensuring they are functional. (correct)
  • Providing client education about the insulin pump and procedure.
  • Verifying the client's identity using two unique identifiers.

During the 'Implementation' phase of insulin pump insertion, which nursing action is most directly related to minimizing the risk of infection at the insertion site?

<p>Cleansing the insertion site with an antimicrobial swab using a circular motion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is priming the insulin pump tubing prior to insertion. What is the primary rationale for ensuring all air bubbles are removed from the tubing before connecting it to the client?

<p>To prevent inaccurate insulin dosing and potential hyperglycemia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following insulin pump insertion and initial programming, the nurse is educating the client on recognizing signs of hypoglycemia. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

<p>“Increased thirst and frequent urination are early signs of low blood sugar.” (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is reviewing the provider's prescription for insulin pump settings. Which component is essential to verify in the prescription to ensure safe and effective insulin delivery?

<p>Basal rate, bolus settings, and total daily insulin dose. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is preparing to insert an insulin pump. Which anatomical location is generally considered the most appropriate initial insertion site for an insulin pump, considering absorption rates and client comfort?

<p>Abdomen, avoiding the area around the umbilicus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following the insertion of an insulin pump, the nurse is documenting the procedure in the client's medical record. Which element is most crucial to include in the documentation to ensure comprehensive and legally sound patient care?

<p>Client education provided and their demonstrated understanding. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse observes a practical nurse (PN) preparing to initiate insulin pump therapy for a newly admitted client. Which action by the PN would require immediate intervention by the registered nurse (RN)?

<p>The PN is independently adjusting the programmed basal rate based on current blood glucose. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client with a newly inserted insulin pump reports feeling anxious and overwhelmed by the technology. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to address the client's immediate emotional response?

<p>Reassure the client that these feelings are normal and provide step-by-step education on pump management. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is teaching a client about rotating insulin pump insertion sites. What is the primary rationale for emphasizing site rotation in client education?

<p>To prevent lipohypertrophy and ensure consistent insulin absorption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When preparing the insulin pump, the nurse notices that the pre-filled insulin cartridge is expired. What is the most appropriate nursing action in this situation?

<p>Contact the pharmacy to obtain a new, non-expired insulin cartridge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is selecting an antiseptic to cleanse the insulin pump insertion site. Which characteristic of the antiseptic is most important to consider to minimize skin irritation and ensure effectiveness?

<p>The antiseptic's broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and skin compatibility. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is preparing to secure the insulin pump tubing to the client’s clothing after insertion. What is the primary rationale for ensuring the tubing is properly secured and has adequate slack?

<p>To prevent accidental dislodgement of the insertion set from the subcutaneous tissue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client with an insulin pump develops signs of hyperglycemia. After assessing the client and reviewing pump settings, what is the most immediate nursing intervention?

<p>Troubleshoot the insulin pump for potential malfunctions or occlusions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is educating assistive personnel (AP) regarding their role in caring for clients with insulin pumps. Which task is within the scope of practice for AP when caring for these clients?

<p>Checking and documenting the client's blood glucose levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When providing privacy for a client during insulin pump insertion, which action demonstrates the nurse's respect for the client's psychological and emotional well-being, beyond just physical privacy?

<p>Explaining the procedure clearly and answering the client's questions before starting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record for 'pertinent laboratory values' prior to insulin pump insertion. Which laboratory value is most critical to assess in relation to insulin administration and potential contraindications?

<p>Current blood glucose level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following insulin pump insertion, the nurse applies a sterile occlusive dressing. What is the primary purpose of using an occlusive dressing at the insertion site?

<p>To create a barrier against microorganisms and maintain site sterility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is preparing to administer a bolus dose of insulin via the pump before the client's meal. Which factor is most important to consider when determining the bolus dose to be administered?

<p>Client's current blood glucose level and anticipated carbohydrate intake. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client with an insulin pump is being discharged home. Which aspect of discharge teaching is most critical for ensuring the client's safe self-management of the pump at home?

<p>Troubleshooting common pump alarms and resolving simple mechanical issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is reviewing facility protocol for 'triple checking' insulin prior to pump loading. What is the primary rationale behind this triple-check system in medication administration?

<p>To minimize the risk of medication errors related to insulin administration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During insulin pump insertion, the client expresses concern about the needle insertion. Which nursing intervention is most effective in minimizing the client's discomfort during this step?

<p>Applying topical anesthetic cream to the insertion site prior to insertion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is initiating an insulin pump on a client who is also receiving anticoagulant therapy. What is a critical safety consideration unique to this client population during insertion?

<p>Heightened risk of bleeding and hematoma formation at the insertion site. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is reviewing the 'Safety Considerations' for insulin pump administration. Which action is emphasized as a primary safety measure to prevent medication errors specifically related to insulin?

<p>Following facility protocol for triple checking and labeling insulin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client's insulin pump malfunctions, and the nurse needs to temporarily administer insulin via subcutaneous injection until the pump is replaced. Which type of insulin is most appropriate for this immediate, temporary subcutaneous administration to maintain glycemic control?

<p>Rapid-acting insulin lispro (Humalog). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is educating a client on when to seek immediate medical attention related to their insulin pump therapy. Which client statement indicates a critical need for emergent medical intervention?

<p>“I’ve had persistent nausea and vomiting, and I can’t keep any food or fluids down.” (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of client education on insulin pump therapy. Which client behavior best demonstrates successful learning and self-management competency?

<p>The client accurately describes pump operation, troubleshooting steps, and hypoglycemia management. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Insulin Pump

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; delivers basal and bolus doses.

Insulin Pump Delegation

Licensed nurses can initiate and monitor insulin pump therapy if trained.

Verify Client Identification

Ensures correct procedure on the correct client.

Standard Precautions

Reduces risk of transmitting infectious organisms.

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Skin Cleansing Antiseptic

Reduces risk of infection at insertion site.

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Hypoglycemia Symptoms

Sweating, shaking, confusion, and clammy skin.

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Hyperglycemia Symptoms

Increased thirst and urination.

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Manufacturer's Instructions

Ensures correct setup of the insulin pump.

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Check Tubing for Bubbles

Ensures accurate insulin dosing.

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Discard Needles Properly

Reduces risk of injury and transmission of microorganisms.

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Accurate Documentation

Provides immediate access to client data for healthcare team.

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Study Notes

  • Insulin pumps deliver continuous subcutaneous insulin, using a basal rate and bolus doses as needed.
  • Trained practical nurses can initiate and monitor insulin pump administration.
  • Assistive personnel can check blood glucose but cannot adjust insulin pumps.

Safety Considerations

  • Check for allergies to prevent reactions.
  • Verify client identity per facility protocol.
  • Use standard precautions to prevent infection transmission.
  • Review the client’s medical record to prevent complications.

Equipment

  • Nonsterile gloves and PPE (if indicated)
  • Facility-approved skin cleansing antiseptic
  • Prefilled insulin syringe/reservoir
  • Insulin pump
  • Insulin needle (often with device-specific insertion kit)
  • Dressing supplies

Step-by-Step Guide

  • Review the client’s medical record for allergies, history, medications, vital signs and labs.
  • Obtain and check that all supplies are clean and working.
  • Provide privacy to maintain client confidentiality.
  • Introduce yourself to the client to promote a therapeutic relationship.
  • Perform hand hygiene and apply PPE to prevent infection.
  • Identify the client using two identifiers to ensure correct procedure.
  • Confirm the client’s allergy status.
  • Educate the client to reduce anxiety and promote understanding.
  • Evaluate for signs of altered blood glucose:
    • Hypoglycemia: sweating, shaking, clammy skin, lethargy, confusion, lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea
    • Hyperglycemia: increased thirst and urination
  • Prepare or remove prepackaged insulin syringe/cartridge.
  • Follow facility protocol for triple checking and labeling insulin to ensure safe medication administration.
  • Keep medication in sight at all times to reduce contamination risk.
  • Attach sterile tubing to syringe/cartridge, insert into pump per manufacturer.
  • Prime the tubing and program the pump per the provider's prescription; because pumps vary, following instructions ensures proper setup.
  • Check the tubing for bubbles to ensure accurate dosing.
  • Activate delivery device and place needle in insertion device.
  • Position the client and identify landmarks on the selected site.
  • Cleanse the site with antimicrobial swab in a circular motion and allow to dry.
  • Remove paper backing and needle guard; pinch skin and insert needle using insertion device, then remove the device.
  • Apply sterile dressing and attach pump to clothing to keep the site clean.
  • Discard needles in appropriate receptacles to reduce injury risk.
  • Assist the client to a comfortable position.
  • Discuss findings to decrease anxiety and promote client involvement.
  • Ensure client safety by:
    • Placing call light within reach
    • Lowering bed and locking brakes
    • Placing needed items within reach
  • Monitor blood glucose at prescribed times to identify hypo/hyperglycemia.

Interventions for Unexpected Outcomes

  • For hypo/hyperglycemia, follow facility protocols and notify the provider.

Documentation

  • Document relevant information in the client’s medical record for access by the health care team.

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