Institutional Analysis in IB Literature

<p>Institutions as resources for non-market forms of coordination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theoretical connections between firms and institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analyzing institutions as drivers of coordination problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence or absence of particular other institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a narrowed understanding limited to firm strategies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How firms can effectively fit their strategies to institutional settings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impact of technological innovation on competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By imposing restrictions and costs on MNE activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are seen as constraints on MNE activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It treats it as a basic unit that must adjust to institutional variables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Institutional distance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps firms adapt quickly to evolving regulations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To direct economic activity and organize interest groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cluster analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are acknowledged as variables that can impact competitive advantage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Market-based, social-democratic, continental European, Mediterranean, and Asian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasizes inductive combinations of variables at the national level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concept that past decisions impact future options (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanisms or processes of governance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To group countries based on observed relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong state influence in economic planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Firms rely on long-term employment and existing skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By increasing corporate transparency to investors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They underwent radical corporate reorganizations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They show a preference for French firms due to rapid improvements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pension funds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity for adapting to diverse institutions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It led to inferior performance compared to others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pension funds align better with German institutions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is negatively related to the level of conservatism and mastery values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the cost of entry and hampers operations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They influence the effectiveness of firm-specific resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intellectual resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiated institutional infrastructure affects resource availability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates challenges for entry mode choice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of differentiated resources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The availability of plentiful resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Competitive advantage through resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relative distance in institutional characteristics between countries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural value theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural adaptability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Links cultural dimensions to business outcomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The moral and ethical standards governing behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve understanding of cross-cultural business interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavioral differences in business (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A perspective that focuses on how different institutional settings across countries can lead to various types of capitalism, such as the Rhineland model and the Anglo-Saxon model.

An approach that emphasizes the unique combinations of institutions, regulations, and practices within a nation that shape its business environment.

A framework that focuses on the various mechanisms, formal and informal, used to govern and coordinate economic activity in a country.

The concept of a strategic fit between a firm's internal capabilities and the external institutional environment, enabling a firm to leverage its resources more effectively.

The idea that institutions can serve as resources for firms to coordinate their activities beyond the market, such as through informal networks or collaborative relationships.

Recognizes that the impact of one institution can be significantly influenced by the presence or absence of other institutions within a specific context.

Examines how institutions can create advantages for firms beyond simply supporting market activity, by shaping competitive dynamics and creating opportunities for innovation.

Explores how institutions can influence the coordination of activities across different functional domains within firms, such as finance, human resources, and management.

A study of how countries can be grouped based on their economic and social institutions, rather than relying on economic theory alone.

Economic systems where firms operate independently in a competitive market environment, with limited government intervention.

Economic systems with a strong social safety net, focused on social equality and worker protections.

Economic systems with a strong emphasis on social partnerships and cooperation between government, businesses, and labor unions.

Economic systems with a relatively high role of government in regulating markets and providing social services.

Economic systems with a strong focus on export-oriented industries, state-led industrialization, and long-term economic growth.

A method used to identify groups of countries based on similarities in variable characteristics.

A framework for understanding national differences in economic institutions and their impact on economic outcomes.

The way companies integrate into and are affected by institutional structures.

Comparing countries based on their distinct institutional arrangements, like legal systems or labor markets.

How firms gain a competitive edge in international markets, often influenced by institutions.

Explaining how and why institutions change and evolve over time.

An approach that examines institutions as constraints on multinational enterprises' (MNEs) operations.

How host country institutions influence the ways foreign firms enter new markets.

A focus on the different types of capitalism that exist across countries.

The capability regime where firms gradually acquire new abilities within their existing structure and skills, often through long-term employment.

The capability regime where firms rapidly adopt new abilities by reorganizing and replacing employees, often with a focus on rapid change.

The study of how firms respond to pressures and challenges in different countries, considering the influence of institutional differences on their strategic decisions.

The study of how multinational enterprises (MNEs) manage their operations across borders, with a focus on the role of institutions.

A type of governance reform where companies increase transparency to investors to gain trust and potentially attract capital.

A type of governance reform where companies restructure themselves to improve efficiency and profitability, often with a focus on managerial autonomy.

Individuals and organizations investing with a long-term perspective, seeking stable returns and often preferring companies with strong institutional frameworks.

Investment funds focusing on short-term gains, seeking companies with quick and potentially high returns, often favoring firms with more managerial autonomy.

The degree to which a company's strategy is suitable for the specific institutional environment, considering the resource availability and the distance between home and host country contexts.

Distance between home and host country institutional environments. High distance increases costs and hinders transferability, while low distance makes it easier for firms to operate.

Resources can be more abundant or scarce depending on the country's institutional environment, creating opportunities for firms to leverage unique capabilities and strategies.

Institutions, such as laws, regulations, and customs, can influence a firm's ability to develop and use its resources, impacting its success in a specific country.

The strategic success of a firm depends on its ability to adapt its strategy to the unique institutional environment of a host country, aligning its capabilities with available resources.

The cost and efficiency of transferring a company's core competencies and practices to a new country can be affected by cultural differences, impacting its strategic success.

Differences in regulatory frameworks, such as financial regulations and corporate governance practices, can make it more or less challenging for firms to operate across borders.

The ease with which a firm can transfer its strategy and resources from its home country to a host country is influenced by the differences in institutional environments, impacting the overall cost and feasibility.

A theoretical perspective that views the institutional environment as a key driver of firm behavior and performance, particularly when considering international business. It emphasizes how institutions shape firms' resource allocation, strategy, and competitive dynamics.

A theory that examines how firms gain competitive advantages through unique resources and capabilities that are difficult for competitors to imitate or substitute. It focuses on the importance of acquiring and leveraging valuable resources.

A theory that focuses on how institutions, such as formal rules and informal norms, can create a framework for coordination and cooperation within a society or economy. It highlights the importance of institutional structures for economic activity.

Considers how cultural values affect business practices across different countries. It focuses on underlying differences in values, beliefs, and attitudes that influence behavior.

The transfer of business practices from one country to another. It can be influenced by institutional factors, such as laws, regulations, and cultural norms.

A process through which a practice commonly found in one country is adopted by another country. It can be driven by factors such as globalization, technological advancements, or institutional convergence.